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Re: Help with cross install
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From: |
Joshua Branson |
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Subject: |
Re: Help with cross install |
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Date: |
Sat, 13 Jan 2024 00:47:19 -0500 |
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User-agent: |
Gnus/5.13 (Gnus v5.13) |
Almudena Garcia <liberamenso10000@gmail.com> writes:
> Hi:
>
> I use the Debian GNU/Hurd CD or DVD, from the pseudographical
> installer. You must to configure your harddisk in compatibility mode
> in the BIOS to installer as an IDE HDD.
I did configure in my BIOS to make my harddrisk in compatibility mode.
Can you share with me your /boot/grub/grub.cfg from your Thinkpad T410 ?
>
> El viernes 12 de enero de 2024, Joshua Branson escribió:
>>
>> So I bought myself a T410, because I've heard that Debian GNU/Hurd can
>> run on it. I thought I would give it a try. The latest Debian GNU/Hurd
>> netinstall failed. I believe it created the ext2 partitions / and
>> /home, formatted them as ext2, but left them readable not writable. So
>> of course the installer could not install the necessary packages.
>>
>> So Samuel mentioned that I should try crossinstall:
>>
>> https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/hurd/running/debian/CrossInstall
>>
>> For those of you who don't know, if you run Debian GNU/Linux and have a
>> spare parition, then you can use crossinstall to install Debian GNU/Hurd!
>>
>> I'm drafting a blog post to talk about how to use it. I'm stuck at
>> "Preparing to boot" stage as documented in the wiki. I've copied
>> Damien's grub entry, but it's can't seem to find my hurd-root partition.
>>
>> Here is my partition scheme for the T410:
>>
>> |------------+---------+-----------------+------------------|
>> | #1 primary | 59.4 GB | hurd-root / | /dev/wd0 #1 |
>> | #2 primary | 60.3 GB | hurd-home /home | /dev/wd0 #2 |
>> | #3 primary | 5 GB | linux /boot | bootable flag on |
>> | #4 logical | | | |
>> | #5 logical | 999.3MB | hurd-swap | |
>> | #6 logical | 54.3 GB | crypto linux / | |
>> |------------+---------+-----------------+------------------|
>>
>> I did use GNU/Linux to run
>>
>> #+BEGIN_SRC shell
>> mke2fs -o hurd /dev/sda1
>> mke2fs -o hurd /dev/sda2
>> #+END_SRC
>>
>> So I know that /dev/sda1 and /dev/sda2 are ext2.
>>
>> Here is my /boot/grub/custom.cfg
>>
>> #+begin_example
>> menuentry "pci-arbiter + acpi + rumpdisk" {
>>
>> set root=(hd0,msdos1)
>>
>> multiboot /boot/gnumach-1.8-486.gz root=part:1:device:wd0 noide -s
>>
>>
>> module /hurd/pci-arbiter.static pci-arbiter \
>>
>> --host-priv-port='${host-port}' \
>>
>> --device-master-port='${device-port}' \
>>
>> --next-task='${acpi-task}' \
>>
>> '$(task-create)' '$(task-resume)'
>>
>>
>>
>> module /hurd/acpi.static acpi \
>>
>> --next-task='${disk-task}' \
>>
>> '$(acpi-task=task-create)'
>>
>>
>>
>> module /hurd/rumpdisk.static rumpdisk \
>>
>> --next-task='${fs-task}' \
>>
>> '$(disk-task=task-create)'
>>
>>
>>
>> module /hurd/ext2fs.static ext2fs \
>>
>> --multiboot-command-line='${kernel-command-line}' \
>>
>> --exec-server-task='${exec-task}' -T typed '${root}' \
>>
>> '$(fs-task=task-create)'
>>
>>
>>
>> module /hurd/exec.static exec '$(exec-task=task-create)'
>> }
>> #+end_example
>>
>> I have tried:
>>
>> #+BEGIN_EXAMPLE shell
>> root=part:0:device:wd0
>> root=part:1:device:wd0
>> root=part:2:device:wd0
>> root=part:3:device:wd0
>> #+END_EXAMPLE
>>
>> But Mach get stuck and can't find part:1. Now GNU Mach does say:
>>
>> #+BEGIN_example
>> vendor 8086 product 3b2f (SATA mass storage, AHCI 1.0, revision 0x06) at \
>> pci0 dev 31 function 2 not configured
>> ... (It shows a lot of devices not configured)
>> blakefs: self-test passed
>> chacha: Portable C ChaCha
>> ex2fs: part:1:device:wd0: No such device or address
>> #+END_Example
>>
>> So does that mean it detected my SATA SSD? Also my SATA SSD is ancient.
>> It has a max capacity of 180GB. So it's a bit odd and old. Maybe
>> that's why I am having problems? Debian GNU/Linux doesn't mind using
>> it.
>>
>> Here are some commands that I ran on Debian GNU/Linux on the T410 to try
>> to double check my work.
>>
>> #+BEGIN_SRC shell
>> joshua@gimli:~$ sudo fdisk -l
>> [sudo] password for joshua:
>> Disk /dev/sda: 167.68 GiB, 180045766656 bytes, 351651888 sectors
>> Disk model: INTEL SSDSC2CW18
>> Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
>> Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
>> I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
>> Disklabel type: dos
>> Disk identifier: 0x050ce17c
>>
>> Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
>> /dev/sda1 * 2048 116017672 116015625 55.3G 83 Linux
>> /dev/sda2 116043776 233846783 117803008 56.2G 83 Linux
>> /dev/sda3 233846784 243611647 9764864 4.7G 83 Linux
>> /dev/sda4 243613694 351649791 108036098 51.5G 5 Extended
>> /dev/sda5 243613696 245565439 1951744 953M 82 Linux swap / Solaris
>> /dev/sda6 245567488 351649791 106082304 50.6G 83 Linux
>>
>>
>> Disk /dev/mapper/sda6_crypt: 50.57 GiB, 54297362432 bytes, 106049536
>> sectors
>> Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
>> Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
>> I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
>> joshua@gimli:~$
>> joshua@gimli:~$
>> joshua@gimli:~$
>> joshua@gimli:~$ sudo fsck.ext2 /dev/sda1
>> e2fsck 1.47.0 (5-Feb-2023)
>> /dev/sda1: clean, 4080/3629056 files, 201693/14501953 blocks
>> joshua@gimli:~$
>> joshua@gimli:~$ sudo fsck.ext2 /dev/sda2
>> e2fsck 1.47.0 (5-Feb-2023)
>> /dev/sda2: clean, 11/3686400 files, 129431/14725376 blocks
>> joshua@gimli:~$
>> joshua@gimli:~$ mount | grep sda
>> /dev/mapper/sda6_crypt on / type xfs
>> (rw,relatime,attr2,inode64,logbufs=8,logbsize=32k,noquota)
>> /dev/sda3 on /boot type ext4 (rw,relatime)
>> joshua@gimli:~$
>> joshua@gimli:~$
>> joshua@gimli:~$ sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
>> joshua@gimli:~$ sudo mount /dev/sda2 /mnt/home
>> joshua@gimli:~$
>> joshua@gimli:~$ mount | grep sda
>> /dev/mapper/sda6_crypt on / type xfs
>> (rw,relatime,attr2,inode64,logbufs=8,logbsize=32k,noquota)
>> /dev/sda3 on /boot type ext4 (rw,relatime)
>> /dev/sda1 on /mnt type ext2 (rw,relatime)
>> /dev/sda2 on /mnt/home type ext2 (rw,relatime)
>>
>> #+END_SRC
>>
>> Any thoughts?
>>
>> Thanks,
>>
>> Joshua
>>
>> P.S. So the help email ends here, but if you feel like reading/editing my
>> draft
>> of this blog post for extra credit, then feel free!
>>
>> BEGIN THE DRAFT BLOG POST:
>>
>>
>> So, I have been told that Debian GNU/Hurd can run on a T410 with a
>> SATA SSD. It gets its disk drivers from a
>> [[https://github.com/rumpkernel][rumpkernel]]. That's pretty
>> awesome. I downloaded the
>> [[https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/ports/latest/hurd-i386/20230608/iso-cd/][Debian
>> netinstaller iso image,]] but I could
>> not get it to completely install. It appeared that the installer
>> created the ext2 partition, but the partition was readable, not
>> writable. So of course no packages definitions could be stored on
>> disk. Odd.
>>
>> Luckily, I can use Debian GNU/Linux to install Debian GNU/Hurd on a
>> spare partition via
>> [[https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/hurd/running/debian/CrossInstall][CrossInstall]].
>> That is pretty slick! Well we
>> might as well try it!
>>
>> Here is my partition scheme for the T410:
>>
>> |------------+---------+-----------------+------------------|
>> | #1 primary | 59.4 GB | hurd-root / | /dev/wd0 #1 |
>> | #2 primary | 60.3 GB | hurd-home /home | /dev/wd0 #2 |
>> | #3 primary | 5 GB | linux /boot | bootable flag on |
>> | #4 logical | | | |
>> | #5 logical | 999.3MB | hurd-swap | |
>> | #6 logical | 54.3 GB | crypto linux / | |
>> |------------+---------+-----------------+------------------|
>>
>> #+BEGIN_SRC
>> # mke2fs -o hurd /dev/sda1
>> # mke2fs -o hurd /dev/sda2
>> #+END_SRC
>>
>> Next I needed to install the latest and greatest crossinstall. I added
>> this to ~/etc/apt/sources.list~
>>
>> ~deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian sid main~
>>
>> #+BEGIN_SRC shell
>> # apt update
>> $ apt search crosshurd # let's install the latest version
>> crosshurd/unstable 1.7.60 all
>> # apt install crosshurd
>> #+END_SRC
>>
>> Now let's mount my two newly re-created Hurd partitions, and run
>> crosshurd!
>>
>> #+BEGIN_SRC shell
>> # mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
>> # mkdir /mnt/home
>> # mount /dev/sda2 /mnt/home
>> $ mount
>> #+END_SRC
>>
>> #+RESULTS:
>>
>> : blah blah blah
>> : blah blah blah
>> : /dev/sda1 on /mnt type ext2
>> : /dev/sda2 on /mnt/home type ext2
>>
>> Now we can do our crosshurd command!
>>
>> #+BEGIN_SRC shell
>> # cd /mnt
>> # crosshurd
>> #+END_SRC
>>
>> The crosshurd command is kind of cool. I answered ~/mnt~, ~gnu~,
>> ~i386~. Apparently you can use crosshurd to install kfreebsd, which
>> is Debian but using the FreeBSD kernel. That's fairly cool! But the
>> command failed fairly quickly, because I do not have some gpg keys.
>> Well let's fix that!
>>
>> Please note that the below is the proper way to do it. I found an
>> easier deprecated way to do it, and that's what I did.
>>
>> #+BEGIN_SRC shell
>> $ gpg --recv-keys LONGKEYSTRINGNMUBERS
>> $ gpg --recv-keys LONGKEYSTRINGNMUBERS2
>> $ gpg -a --export LONGKEYSTRINGNMUBERS >
>> debian-ports-archive-automatic-signing-key.asc
>> # mv debian-ports-archive-automatic-signing-key.asc /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/
>> # crosshurd
>> #+END_SRC
>>
>> What I actually did:
>>
>> #+BEGIN_SRC shell
>> $ gpg --recv-keys LONGKEYSTRINGNMUBERS
>> $ gpg --recv-keys LONGKEYSTRINGNMUBERS2
>> $ gpg -a --export LONGKEYSTRINGNMUBERS | sudo apt-key add -
>> # crosshurd
>> #+END_SRC
>>
>> It looked like everything was installed, then it said, copying this
>> machine's resolve.conf to the new partition. If not correct, then
>> please edit. Hopefully it is!
>>
>> So now I need to add a boot entry to =/etc/grub.d/custom.cfg=.
>> Apparently whatever you add in that file, will automatically appear in
>> Grub on the next boot! Note that I have to add the ~-s~ to the kernel
>> args. After I run ./native-install twice, I can remove it.
>>
>> #+begin_example
>> menuentry "pci-arbiter + acpi + rumpdisk" {
>>
>> set root=(hd0,msdos1)
>>
>> multiboot /boot/gnumach-1.8-486.gz root=part:1:device:wd0 noide -s
>>
>>
>> module /hurd/pci-arbiter.static pci-arbiter \
>>
>> --host-priv-port='${host-port}' \
>>
>> --device-master-port='${device-port}' \
>>
>> --next-task='${acpi-task}' \
>>
>> '$(task-create)' '$(task-resume)'
>>
>>
>>
>> module /hurd/acpi.static acpi \
>>
>> --next-task='${disk-task}' \
>>
>> '$(acpi-task=task-create)'
>>
>>
>>
>> module /hurd/rumpdisk.static rumpdisk \
>>
>> --next-task='${fs-task}' \
>>
>> '$(disk-task=task-create)'
>>
>>
>>
>> module /hurd/ext2fs.static ext2fs \
>>
>> --multiboot-command-line='${kernel-command-line}' \
>>
>> --exec-server-task='${exec-task}' -T typed '${root}' \
>>
>> '$(fs-task=task-create)'
>>
>>
>>
>> module /hurd/exec.static exec '$(exec-task=task-create)'
>> }
>> #+end_example
>>
>>
>>
>> --
>>
>> Joshua Branson
>> Sent from the Hurd
>>
>>
--
Joshua Branson
Sent from the Hurd