[Emacs-diffs] Changes to emacs/man/calc.texi

[Paul Eggert]

Index: emacs/man/calc.texi
diff -c emacs/man/calc.texi:1.12 emacs/man/calc.texi:1.13
*** emacs/man/calc.texi:1.12    Wed May 15 13:10:05 2002
--- emacs/man/calc.texi Fri Aug 16 02:29:39 2002
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*** 2330,2336 ****
  with a single capital letter showing which letter you press to get
  that command.  We have used @kbd{t n}, @kbd{t p}, @kbd{t ]}, and
  @kbd{t y} so far.  The @samp{[MORE]} means you can press @kbd{?}
! again to see more @kbd{t}-prefix comands.  Notice that the commands
  are roughly divided (by semicolons) into related groups.
  
  When you are in the help display for a prefix key, the prefix is
--- 2330,2336 ----
  with a single capital letter showing which letter you press to get
  that command.  We have used @kbd{t n}, @kbd{t p}, @kbd{t ]}, and
  @kbd{t y} so far.  The @samp{[MORE]} means you can press @kbd{?}
! again to see more @kbd{t}-prefix commands.  Notice that the commands
  are roughly divided (by semicolons) into related groups.
  
  When you are in the help display for a prefix key, the prefix is
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*** 4485,4491 ****
  infinity we had earlier.  If you work it out, you might expect
  the answer to be @i{-72} for this.  But the 72 has been completely
  lost next to the infinities; by the time we compute @address@hidden - inf}}
! the finite difference between them, if any, is indetectable.
  So we say the result is @dfn{indeterminate}, which Calc writes
  with the symbol @code{nan} (for Not A Number).
  
--- 4485,4491 ----
  infinity we had earlier.  If you work it out, you might expect
  the answer to be @i{-72} for this.  But the 72 has been completely
  lost next to the infinities; by the time we compute @address@hidden - inf}}
! the finite difference between them, if any, is undetectable.
  So we say the result is @dfn{indeterminate}, which Calc writes
  with the symbol @code{nan} (for Not A Number).
  
***************
*** 8236,8249 ****
  @end group
  @end smallexample
  
- @ifinfo
  @noindent
! Et voila, September 13, 1991 is a Friday.
! @end ifinfo
! @tex
! \noindent
! {\it Et voil{\accent"12 a}}, September 13, 1991 is a Friday.
! @end tex
  
  @smallexample
  @group
--- 8236,8243 ----
  @end group
  @end smallexample
  
  @noindent
! Et address@hidden, September 13, 1991 is a Friday.
  
  @smallexample
  @group
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*** 10071,10077 ****
  @noindent
  @cindex Stack basics
  @c [fix-tut RPN Calculations and the Stack]
! Calc uses RPN notation.  If you are not familar with RPN, @pxref{RPN
  Tutorial}.
  
  To add the numbers 1 and 2 in Calc you would type the keys:
--- 10065,10071 ----
  @noindent
  @cindex Stack basics
  @c [fix-tut RPN Calculations and the Stack]
! Calc uses RPN notation.  If you are not familiar with RPN, @pxref{RPN
  Tutorial}.
  
  To add the numbers 1 and 2 in Calc you would type the keys:
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*** 11130,11136 ****
  decimal point.  Decreasing the precision below 12 may cause the
  time part of a date form to become inaccurate.  This can also happen
  if astronomically high years are used, though this will not be an
! issue in everyday (or even everymillenium) use.  Note that date
  forms without times are stored as exact integers, so roundoff is
  never an issue for them.
  
--- 11124,11130 ----
  decimal point.  Decreasing the precision below 12 may cause the
  time part of a date form to become inaccurate.  This can also happen
  if astronomically high years are used, though this will not be an
! issue in everyday (or even everymillennium) use.  Note that date
  forms without times are stored as exact integers, so roundoff is
  never an issue for them.
  
***************
*** 17174,17180 ****
  from 3 a.m.@: to 4 a.m.  At the end of daylight savings time, the
  hour from 1 a.m.@: to 2 a.m.@: repeats itself; converting a date/time
  form that falls in in this hour results in a time value for the first
! manifestion of that time (@emph{not} the one that occurs one hour later).
  
  If @code{math-daylight-savings-hook} is @code{nil}, then the
  daylight savings adjustment is always taken to be zero.
--- 17168,17174 ----
  from 3 a.m.@: to 4 a.m.  At the end of daylight savings time, the
  hour from 1 a.m.@: to 2 a.m.@: repeats itself; converting a date/time
  form that falls in in this hour results in a time value for the first
! manifestation of that time (@emph{not} the one that occurs one hour later).
  
  If @code{math-daylight-savings-hook} is @code{nil}, then the
  daylight savings adjustment is always taken to be zero.
***************
*** 17971,17977 ****
  @cindex @code{phi} variable
  @cindex Phi, golden ratio
  @cindex Golden ratio
! One miscellanous command is address@hidden (@code{calc-pi}), which pushes
  the value of @c{$\pi$}
  @cite{pi} (at the current precision) onto the stack.  With the
  Hyperbolic flag, it pushes the value @cite{e}, the base of natural logarithms.
--- 17965,17971 ----
  @cindex @code{phi} variable
  @cindex Phi, golden ratio
  @cindex Golden ratio
! One miscellaneous command is address@hidden (@code{calc-pi}), which pushes
  the value of @c{$\pi$}
  @cite{pi} (at the current precision) onto the stack.  With the
  Hyperbolic flag, it pushes the value @cite{e}, the base of natural logarithms.
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*** 19927,19933 ****
  are not ``identical.''  Variables are treated like plain symbols without
  attached values by the set operations; subtracting the set @samp{[b]}
  from @samp{[a, b]} always yields the set @samp{[a]} even though if
! the variables @samp{a} and @samp{b} both equalled 17, you might
  expect the answer @samp{[]}.
  
  If a set contains interval forms, then it is assumed to be a set of
--- 19921,19927 ----
  are not ``identical.''  Variables are treated like plain symbols without
  attached values by the set operations; subtracting the set @samp{[b]}
  from @samp{[a, b]} always yields the set @samp{[a]} even though if
! the variables @samp{a} and @samp{b} both equaled 17, you might
  expect the answer @samp{[]}.
  
  If a set contains interval forms, then it is assumed to be a set of
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*** 23379,23385 ****
  is not turned on.  (If you work with symbolic mode on, recall that the
  @kbd{N} (@code{calc-eval-num}) key is a handy way to reevaluate the
  formula on the stack with symbolic mode temporarily off.)  Naturally,
! @kbd{a P} can only provide numerical roots if the polynomial coefficents
  are all numbers (real or complex).
  
  @node Solving Systems of Equations, Decomposing Polynomials, Multiple 
Solutions, Solving Equations
--- 23373,23379 ----
  is not turned on.  (If you work with symbolic mode on, recall that the
  @kbd{N} (@code{calc-eval-num}) key is a handy way to reevaluate the
  formula on the stack with symbolic mode temporarily off.)  Naturally,
! @kbd{a P} can only provide numerical roots if the polynomial coefficients
  are all numbers (real or complex).
  
  @node Solving Systems of Equations, Decomposing Polynomials, Multiple 
Solutions, Solving Equations
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*** 24145,24151 ****
  where it has a minimum).  But there @emph{will} be a difference
  in the estimated errors of the coefficients reported by @kbd{H a F}.
  
! Consult any text on statistical modelling of data for a discussion
  of where these error estimates come from and how they should be
  interpreted.
  
--- 24139,24145 ----
  where it has a minimum).  But there @emph{will} be a difference
  in the estimated errors of the coefficients reported by @kbd{H a F}.
  
! Consult any text on statistical modeling of data for a discussion
  of where these error estimates come from and how they should be
  interpreted.
  
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*** 26017,26023 ****
  matches anything else by binding the whole expression to @cite{x} and
  zero to @cite{y}.  The other operators above work address@hidden
  
! For general miscellanous functions, the default value @code{def}
  must be specified.  Optional arguments are dropped starting with
  the rightmost one during matching.  For example, the pattern
  @samp{f(opt(a,0), b, opt(c,b))} will match @samp{f(b)}, @samp{f(a,b)},
--- 26011,26017 ----
  matches anything else by binding the whole expression to @cite{x} and
  zero to @cite{y}.  The other operators above work address@hidden
  
! For general miscellaneous functions, the default value @code{def}
  must be specified.  Optional arguments are dropped starting with
  the rightmost one during matching.  For example, the pattern
  @samp{f(opt(a,0), b, opt(c,b))} will match @samp{f(b)}, @samp{f(a,b)},
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*** 26499,26505 ****
  will be careful to bind @samp{a} to the second argument of @code{f}
  before testing the first argument.  If Calc had tried to match the
  first argument of @code{f} first, the results would have been
! disasterous:  Since @code{a} was unbound so far, the pattern @samp{a}
  would have matched anything at all, and the pattern @samp{!!!a}
  therefore would @emph{not} have matched anything at all!
  
--- 26493,26499 ----
  will be careful to bind @samp{a} to the second argument of @code{f}
  before testing the first argument.  If Calc had tried to match the
  first argument of @code{f} first, the results would have been
! disastrous: since @code{a} was unbound so far, the pattern @samp{a}
  would have matched anything at all, and the pattern @samp{!!!a}
  therefore would @emph{not} have matched anything at all!
  
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*** 27050,27056 ****
  be made simpler by squaring.  For example, applying this rule to
  @samp{2 / (sqrt(2) + 3)} yields @samp{6:7 - 2:7 sqrt(2)} (assuming
  Symbolic Mode has been enabled to keep the square root from being
! evaulated to a floating-point approximation).  This rule is also
  useful when working with symbolic complex numbers, e.g.,
  @samp{(a + b i) / (c + d i)}.
  
--- 27044,27050 ----
  be made simpler by squaring.  For example, applying this rule to
  @samp{2 / (sqrt(2) + 3)} yields @samp{6:7 - 2:7 sqrt(2)} (assuming
  Symbolic Mode has been enabled to keep the square root from being
! evaluated to a floating-point approximation).  This rule is also
  useful when working with symbolic complex numbers, e.g.,
  @samp{(a + b i) / (c + d i)}.
  
***************
*** 27903,27909 ****
  @pindex calc-permanent-variable
  @cindex Storing variables
  @cindex Permanent variables
! @cindex @file{.emacs} file, veriables
  The @kbd{s p} (@code{calc-permanent-variable}) command saves a
  variable's value permanently in your @file{.emacs} file, so that its
  value will still be available in future Emacs sessions.  You can
--- 27897,27903 ----
  @pindex calc-permanent-variable
  @cindex Storing variables
  @cindex Permanent variables
! @cindex @file{.emacs} file, variables
  The @kbd{s p} (@code{calc-permanent-variable}) command saves a
  variable's value permanently in your @file{.emacs} file, so that its
  value will still be available in future Emacs sessions.  You can
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*** 29874,29880 ****
  @kindex M-# j
  @pindex calc-embedded-select
  The @kbd{M-# j} (@code{calc-embedded-select}) command provides an
! easy way to operate on assigments.  It is just like @kbd{M-# e},
  except that if the enabled formula is an assignment, it uses
  @kbd{j 2} to select the righthand side.  If the enabled formula
  is an evaluates-to, it uses @kbd{j 1} to select the lefthand side.
--- 29868,29874 ----
  @kindex M-# j
  @pindex calc-embedded-select
  The @kbd{M-# j} (@code{calc-embedded-select}) command provides an
! easy way to operate on assignments.  It is just like @kbd{M-# e},
  except that if the enabled formula is an assignment, it uses
  @kbd{j 2} to select the righthand side.  If the enabled formula
  is an evaluates-to, it uses @kbd{j 1} to select the lefthand side.
***************
*** 31736,31742 ****
  to a suitable range, namely, plus-or-minus @c{$\pi \over 4$}
  @cite{pi/4}.  Note that each
  test, and particularly the first comparison against 7, is designed so
! that small roundoff errors cannnot produce an infinite loop.  (Suppose
  we compared with @samp{(two-pi)} instead; if due to roundoff problems
  the modulo operator ever returned @samp{(two-pi)} exactly, an infinite
  recursion could result!)  We use modulo only for arguments that will
--- 31730,31736 ----
  to a suitable range, namely, plus-or-minus @c{$\pi \over 4$}
  @cite{pi/4}.  Note that each
  test, and particularly the first comparison against 7, is designed so
! that small roundoff errors cannot produce an infinite loop.  (Suppose
  we compared with @samp{(two-pi)} instead; if due to roundoff problems
  the modulo operator ever returned @samp{(two-pi)} exactly, an infinite
  recursion could result!)  We use modulo only for arguments that will
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*** 31911,31917 ****
  structure.
  
  There is also a @code{rawnum} symbol, which is a combination of
! @code{raw} (returning a raw Calc object) and @code{num} (signalling
  an error if that object is not a constant).
  
  You can pass a raw Calc object to @code{calc-eval} in place of a
--- 31905,31911 ----
  structure.
  
  There is also a @code{rawnum} symbol, which is a combination of
! @code{raw} (returning a raw Calc object) and @code{num} (signaling
  an error if that object is not a constant).
  
  You can pass a raw Calc object to @code{calc-eval} in place of a