[Date Prev][Date Next][Thread Prev][Thread Next][Date Index][Thread Index]
[gpsd-dev] [PATCH 3/3] End of line spaces, no semantic change
From: |
Sanjeev Gupta |
Subject: |
[gpsd-dev] [PATCH 3/3] End of line spaces, no semantic change |
Date: |
Thu, 16 Apr 2015 09:51:41 +0800 |
---
www/gps-hacking.html | 32 ++++++++++++++++----------------
1 file changed, 16 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)
diff --git a/www/gps-hacking.html b/www/gps-hacking.html
index 9a66e3a..1c25b8b 100644
--- a/www/gps-hacking.html
+++ b/www/gps-hacking.html
@@ -113,19 +113,19 @@ at high latitudes).</p>
<p>You can look at a very nifty <a
href="http://rhp.detmich.com/gps.html">simulation</a>
-of Navstar satellite orbits. (Requires Java, also includes
-GLONASS, the Russian military equivalent).</p>
-<!-- You can also look at
-<a href='http://www.tsgc.utexas.edu/images/spacecraft/gps/'>pictures</a>
+of Navstar satellite orbits. (Requires Java, also includes
+GLONASS, the Russian military equivalent).</p>
+<!-- You can also look at
+<a href='http://www.tsgc.utexas.edu/images/spacecraft/gps/'>pictures</a>
of GPS satellites and the control system. (link dead, TOFIX)-->
<p>Each satellite broadcasts identification pulses, each one including
the clock time it was sent. A GPS receiver, picking up these
-pulses, and knowing the speed of light, can recover its
+pulses, and knowing the speed of light, can recover its
4-dimensional location (Latitude, Longitude, Altitude, and Time).
Ideally, you would need to solve four simultaneous equations with
the four unknowns, so would need four visible satellites. This
-is known as a <strong>3D</strong> fix. Computing the GPS's exact
+is known as a <strong>3D</strong> fix. Computing the GPS's exact
position with respect to the satellites becomes a relatively
simple if tedious exercise in spherical trigonometry (which,
fortunately, the GPS's firmware does for you).
@@ -184,12 +184,12 @@ you're not there any more.</p>
<p>Another limit, implicit in the geometry, is that GPS is relatively
poor at getting your precise altitude. When you can get a signal lock
on four satellites, a modern GPS will give you longitude and latitude
-within about 10 meters or yards, down to 2 with DGPS correction. Vertical
+within about 10 meters or yards, down to 2 with DGPS correction. Vertical
uncertainty will be much higher, as much as fifty meters.</p>
<p>People who really <a
href="http://www.wsrcc.com/wolfgang/gps/accuracy.html">obsess</a>
-about GPS accuracy quote it not as a single figure but as a
+about GPS accuracy quote it not as a single figure but as a
probability-of-error: e.g., you're within 10 meters 95% of the
time and 2 meters 50% of the time.</p>
@@ -248,10 +248,10 @@ to four satellites. Our next topic is how it gets that
information
to a computer in a form your application can use.</p>
<p>Almost all GPSes are serial devices that use either RS-232C or USB
-to communicate with the host machine. Most track a standard called
+to communicate with the host machine. Most track a standard called
NMEA 0183 which prescribes both electrical signal levels and a data
encoding. The protocol is bidirectional, but designed in the expectation
-that most of the traffic will be GPS-to-computer, with commands
+that most of the traffic will be GPS-to-computer, with commands
going in the computer-to-GPS direction rare.</p>
<p>The modern trend in GPSes is away from RS232C and towards USB. USB
@@ -333,12 +333,12 @@ binary protocols. For example, there was a GPS chipset
called
OEMed by GPS makers. It spoke NMEA, but had irritating limitations in
that mode like not being able to accept DGPS corrections. It
preferred a tight-packed binary protocol. There haven't been any new
-Zodiac-based designs in a few years, but a lot of Zodiac-based
+Zodiac-based designs in a few years, but a lot of Zodiac-based
GPSes (like the DeLorme EarthMates made before they switched over to a
SiRF chipset in 2003) are still around.</p>
<p>2004's equivalent of the Zodiac is the SiRF-II chipset, which seems
-to be nearly ubiquitous in inexpensive GPS receivers. It too speaks
+to be nearly ubiquitous in inexpensive GPS receivers. It too speaks
a binary protocol, but only if you ask it to; it's fully capable
in NMEA mode. Which is where it boots up. The idea seems to be
that you can switch to binary to improve your bits-per-second
@@ -463,7 +463,7 @@ power-management issue. When no clients are active,
<code>gpsd</code> will
automatically close the GPS device, re-opening it only when another
client connects to the daemon.</p>
-<p>For more details on programming with <code>gpsd</code>, see the
+<p>For more details on programming with <code>gpsd</code>, see the
<a href="faq.html">FAQ</a>.</p>
<h1>Where to learn more</h1>
@@ -486,12 +486,12 @@ and DGPS</a>.</dd>
<dt><a href="http://www.ualberta.ca/~ckuethe/gps/">GPS Hackery</a></dt>
<dd>Chris Kuethe's page has links to many interesting resources.</dd>
-<dt><a href="http://www.ualberta.ca/~norris/gps/DOPnontech.html">DOP,
+<dt><a href="http://www.ualberta.ca/~norris/gps/DOPnontech.html">DOP,
the non-technical description</a></dt>
<dd>Explains the most obscure statistic in GPS output.</dd>
<dt>
-<a
href='http://www.eomonline.com/Common/Archives/1995aug/95aug_gps.html'>Two</a>
<a
href='http://www.eomonline.com/Common/Archives/1996feb/96feb_gps.html'>articles</a>
from Earth Observation Magazine</dt>
+<a
href='http://www.eomonline.com/Common/Archives/1995aug/95aug_gps.html'>Two</a>
<a
href='http://www.eomonline.com/Common/Archives/1996feb/96feb_gps.html'>articles</a>
from Earth Observation Magazine</dt>
<dd>These delve into the mysteries of GPS accuracy.</dd>
<dt><a href='http://users.erols.com/dlwilson/gps.htm'>David L. Wilson's GPS
Accuracy Web Page</a></dt>
@@ -505,7 +505,7 @@ href='http://home-2.worldonline.nl/~samsvl/nav2eu.htm'>short
description</a> I've seen of the GPS Navigation Message as it comes
down from the satellite.</dd>
-<dt><a href='http://www.topology.org/soft/gps.html'>GPS interfaces and
+<dt><a href='http://www.topology.org/soft/gps.html'>GPS interfaces and
software</a></dt>
<dd>Linux and open-source resources for working with GPSes.</dd>
</dl>
--
2.1.4