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Changes to grep/manual/html_node/Usage.html,v
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From: |
Jim Meyering |
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Subject: |
Changes to grep/manual/html_node/Usage.html,v |
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Date: |
Sat, 14 Aug 2021 16:46:44 -0400 (EDT) |
CVSROOT: /webcvs/grep
Module name: grep
Changes by: Jim Meyering <meyering> 21/08/14 16:46:41
Index: html_node/Usage.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/grep/grep/manual/html_node/Usage.html,v
retrieving revision 1.31
retrieving revision 1.32
diff -u -b -r1.31 -r1.32
--- html_node/Usage.html 28 Sep 2020 03:36:49 -0000 1.31
+++ html_node/Usage.html 14 Aug 2021 20:46:41 -0000 1.32
@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
+<!-- Created by GNU Texinfo 6.8, https://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ -->
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<!-- This manual is for grep, a pattern matching engine.
-Copyright (C) 1999-2002, 2005, 2008-2020 Free Software Foundation,
+Copyright (C) 1999-2002, 2005, 2008-2021 Free Software Foundation,
Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
@@ -11,65 +14,55 @@
Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover
Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled
"GNU Free Documentation License". -->
-<!-- Created by GNU Texinfo 6.5, http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ -->
-<head>
-<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
-<title>Usage (GNU Grep 3.5)</title>
+<title>Usage (GNU Grep 3.7)</title>
-<meta name="description" content="Usage (GNU Grep 3.5)">
-<meta name="keywords" content="Usage (GNU Grep 3.5)">
+<meta name="description" content="Usage (GNU Grep 3.7)">
+<meta name="keywords" content="Usage (GNU Grep 3.7)">
<meta name="resource-type" content="document">
<meta name="distribution" content="global">
<meta name="Generator" content="makeinfo">
-<link href="index.html#Top" rel="start" title="Top">
-<link href="Index.html#Index" rel="index" title="Index">
+<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
+
+<link href="index.html" rel="start" title="Top">
+<link href="Index.html" rel="index" title="Index">
<link href="index.html#SEC_Contents" rel="contents" title="Table of Contents">
-<link href="index.html#Top" rel="up" title="Top">
-<link href="Performance.html#Performance" rel="next" title="Performance">
-<link href="Matching-Non_002dASCII.html#Matching-Non_002dASCII" rel="prev"
title="Matching Non-ASCII">
+<link href="index.html" rel="up" title="Top">
+<link href="Performance.html" rel="next" title="Performance">
+<link href="Regular-Expressions.html" rel="prev" title="Regular Expressions">
<style type="text/css">
<!--
+a.copiable-anchor {visibility: hidden; text-decoration: none; line-height: 0em}
a.summary-letter {text-decoration: none}
blockquote.indentedblock {margin-right: 0em}
-blockquote.smallindentedblock {margin-right: 0em; font-size: smaller}
-blockquote.smallquotation {font-size: smaller}
div.display {margin-left: 3.2em}
div.example {margin-left: 3.2em}
-div.lisp {margin-left: 3.2em}
-div.smalldisplay {margin-left: 3.2em}
-div.smallexample {margin-left: 3.2em}
-div.smalllisp {margin-left: 3.2em}
kbd {font-style: oblique}
pre.display {font-family: inherit}
pre.format {font-family: inherit}
pre.menu-comment {font-family: serif}
pre.menu-preformatted {font-family: serif}
-pre.smalldisplay {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller}
-pre.smallexample {font-size: smaller}
-pre.smallformat {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller}
-pre.smalllisp {font-size: smaller}
span.nolinebreak {white-space: nowrap}
span.roman {font-family: initial; font-weight: normal}
span.sansserif {font-family: sans-serif; font-weight: normal}
+span:hover a.copiable-anchor {visibility: visible}
ul.no-bullet {list-style: none}
-->
</style>
-<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/software/gnulib/manual.css">
+<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"
href="https://www.gnu.org/software/gnulib/manual.css";>
</head>
<body lang="en">
-<a name="Usage"></a>
+<div class="chapter" id="Usage">
<div class="header">
<p>
-Next: <a href="Performance.html#Performance" accesskey="n"
rel="next">Performance</a>, Previous: <a
href="Regular-Expressions.html#Regular-Expressions" accesskey="p"
rel="prev">Regular Expressions</a>, Up: <a href="index.html#Top" accesskey="u"
rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of
contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Index.html#Index" title="Index"
rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
+Next: <a href="Performance.html" accesskey="n" rel="next">Performance</a>,
Previous: <a href="Regular-Expressions.html" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Regular
Expressions</a>, Up: <a href="index.html" accesskey="u" rel="up">grep</a>
[<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents"
rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Index.html" title="Index"
rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
</div>
<hr>
-<a name="Usage-1"></a>
-<h2 class="chapter">4 Usage</h2>
+<span id="Usage-1"></span><h2 class="chapter">4 Usage</h2>
-<a name="index-usage_002c-examples"></a>
+<span id="index-usage_002c-examples"></span>
<p>Here is an example command that invokes GNU <code>grep</code>:
</p>
<div class="example">
@@ -79,35 +72,34 @@
<p>This lists all lines in the files <samp>menu.h</samp> and
<samp>main.c</samp> that
contain the string ‘<samp>hello</samp>’ followed by the string
‘<samp>world</samp>’;
this is because ‘<samp>.*</samp>’ matches zero or more characters
within a line.
-See <a href="Regular-Expressions.html#Regular-Expressions">Regular
Expressions</a>.
+See <a href="Regular-Expressions.html">Regular Expressions</a>.
The <samp>-i</samp> option causes <code>grep</code>
to ignore case, causing it to match the line ‘<samp>Hello,
world!</samp>’, which
it would not otherwise match.
</p>
-<p>Here is a more complex example session,
+<p>Here is a more complex example,
showing the location and contents of any line
containing ‘<samp>f</samp>’ and ending in
‘<samp>.c</samp>’,
within all files in the current directory whose names
-contain ‘<samp>g</samp>’ and end in ‘<samp>.h</samp>’.
+start with non-‘<samp>.</samp>’, contain
‘<samp>g</samp>’, and end in ‘<samp>.h</samp>’.
The <samp>-n</samp> option outputs line numbers, the <samp>--</samp> argument
-treats any later arguments starting with ‘<samp>-</samp>’ as file
names not
-options, and the empty file <samp>/dev/null</samp> causes file names to be
output
+treats any later arguments as file names not options even if
+<code>*g*.h</code> expands to a file name that starts with
‘<samp>-</samp>’,
+and the empty file <samp>/dev/null</samp> causes file names to be output
even if only one file name happens to be of the form
‘<samp>*g*.h</samp>’.
</p>
<div class="example">
-<pre class="example">$ <kbd>grep -n -- 'f.*\.c$' *g*.h /dev/null</kbd>
-argmatch.h:1:/* definitions and prototypes for argmatch.c
+<pre class="example">grep -n -- 'f.*\.c$' *g*.h /dev/null
</pre></div>
-<p>The only line that contains a match is line 1 of <samp>argmatch.h</samp>.
-Note that the regular expression syntax used in the pattern differs
+<p>Note that the regular expression syntax used in the pattern differs
from the globbing syntax that the shell uses to match file names.
</p>
-<p>See <a href="Invoking.html#Invoking">Invoking</a>, for more details about
+<p>See <a href="Invoking.html">Invoking <code>grep</code></a>, for more
details about
how to invoke <code>grep</code>.
</p>
-<a name="index-using-grep_002c-Q_0026A"></a>
-<a name="index-FAQ-about-grep-usage"></a>
+<span id="index-using-grep_002c-Q_0026A"></span>
+<span id="index-FAQ-about-grep-usage"></span>
<p>Here are some common questions and answers about <code>grep</code> usage.
</p>
<ol>
@@ -288,11 +280,8 @@
<pre class="example">echo 'ba' | grep -E '(a)\1|b\1'
</pre></div>
-<p>This gives no output, because the first alternate
‘<samp>(a)\1</samp>’ does not match,
-as there is no ‘<samp>aa</samp>’ in the input, so the
‘<samp>\1</samp>’ in the second alternate
+<p>This outputs an error message, because the second
‘<samp>\1</samp>’
has nothing to refer back to, meaning it will never match anything.
-(The second alternate in this example can only match
-if the first alternate has matched—making the second one superfluous.)
</p>
</li><li> How can I match across lines?
@@ -301,7 +290,7 @@
match newlines in the way you might expect.
</p>
<p>With the GNU <code>grep</code> option <samp>-z</samp>
(<samp>--null-data</samp>), each
-input and output “line” is null-terminated; see <a
href="Other-Options.html#Other-Options">Other Options</a>. Thus,
+input and output “line” is null-terminated; see <a
href="Other-Options.html">Other Options</a>. Thus,
you can match newlines in the input, but typically if there is a match
the entire input is output, so this usage is often combined with
output-suppressing options like <samp>-q</samp>, e.g.:
@@ -333,10 +322,11 @@
</li></ol>
+</div>
<hr>
<div class="header">
<p>
-Next: <a href="Performance.html#Performance" accesskey="n"
rel="next">Performance</a>, Previous: <a
href="Regular-Expressions.html#Regular-Expressions" accesskey="p"
rel="prev">Regular Expressions</a>, Up: <a href="index.html#Top" accesskey="u"
rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of
contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Index.html#Index" title="Index"
rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
+Next: <a href="Performance.html">Performance</a>, Previous: <a
href="Regular-Expressions.html">Regular Expressions</a>, Up: <a
href="index.html">grep</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents"
title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Index.html"
title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
</div>
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