Question concerning behavior of GNU-linker on Linux

[Alex Vinokur]

Hi,

We came across different behavior of HP-linker on HP-UX and GNU-linker
on Linux.

We have two libraries:
  *) libaaa.so and libbbb.so,
  *) libbbb.so depends on libaaa.so.

HP-UX linker allows to build exe-file as follows:
    aCC <options> main.o libbbb.so


GNU linker on Linux requires the following build of exe-file
    icpc <options> main.o libaaa.so libbbb.so
Note.
Command line
   icpc <options> main.o libbbb.so
produces error-message.

What is a reason for such behavior og GNU-linker?

Thanks.

Details below.



>>>>>> 1. SOURCE FILES <<<<<<

------ File aaa.h ------
#ifndef AAA_HH
#define AAA_HH

struct AAA
{
        AAA();
  virtual ~AAA();
};

#endif
------------------------

----- File aaa.cpp -----
#include "./aaa.h"

AAA::AAA()
{
}

AAA::~AAA()
{
}
------------------------


------ File bbb.h ------
#ifndef BBB_HH
#define BBB_HH

#include "./aaa.h"

struct BBB : public AAA
{
        BBB();
  ~BBB();
};

#endif
------------------------


----- File bbb.cpp -----
#include "./bbb.h"

BBB::BBB()
        :
        AAA()
{
}

BBB::~BBB()
{
}
------------------------


----- File main.cpp ----
#include "./bbb.h"

int main()
{
        BBB b;

  return 0;
}
------------------------



>>>>>> 2. MAKEFILES <<<<<<


====== Makefile.hp (HP-UX) ======
CC    = aCC +DD64 -AA -mt -c -g -I`pwd`
LDLIB = aCC +DD64 -AA -mt -b -g
LDEXE = aCC +DD64 -AA -mt -g

RM    = rm -rf
ECHO  = echo

all:    info clean objs libs exe

info:
        @$(ECHO) ====== INFO ======
        @$(ECHO) $(CC)
        @$(ECHO) $(LDLIB)
        @$(ECHO) $(LDLIB)

clean:
        @$(ECHO) ====== CLEAN ======
        $(RM) ./*.o ./*.so ./*.out

objs:
        @$(ECHO) ====== OBJS ======
        $(CC) aaa.cpp
        $(CC) bbb.cpp
        $(CC) main.cpp

libs:
        @$(ECHO) ====== LIBS ======
        $(LDLIB) -o ./libaaa.so ./aaa.o
        $(LDLIB) -o ./libbbb.so ./bbb.o ./libaaa.so

exe:
        @$(ECHO) ====== EXE ======
        $(LDEXE) -o ./hp1.out ./main.o ./libaaa.so ./libbbb.so
        $(LDEXE) -o ./hp2.out ./main.o ./libbbb.so

==================================


------ Makefile.lin (Linux) ------
CC    = icpc -c -m64 -fPIC -g
LDLIB = icpc -shared -g
LDEXE = icpc -g

RM    = rm -rf
ECHO  = echo

all:    info clean objs libs exe

info:
        @$(ECHO) ====== INFO ======
        @$(ECHO) $(CC)
        @$(ECHO) $(LDLIB)
        @$(ECHO) $(LDLIB)

clean:
        @$(ECHO) ====== CLEAN ======
        $(RM) ./*.o ./*.so ./*.out

objs:
        @$(ECHO) ====== OBJS ======
        $(CC) aaa.cpp
        $(CC) bbb.cpp
        $(CC) main.cpp

libs:
        @$(ECHO) ====== LIBS ======
        $(LDLIB) -o ./libaaa.so ./aaa.o
        $(LDLIB) -o ./libbbb.so ./bbb.o ./libaaa.so

exe:
        @$(ECHO) ====== EXE ======
        $(LDEXE) -o ./lin1.out ./main.o ./libaaa.so ./libbbb.so
        $(LDEXE) -o ./lin2.out ./main.o ./libbbb.so

==================================




>>>>>> 3. COMPILATION <<<<<<


------ Compilation on HP-UX ------

HP-UX B.11.23 U ia64 1139467043 unlimited-user license

aCC: HP C/aC++ B3910B A.06.25.01 [May 16 2010]

92453-07 linker ld HP Itanium(R) B.12.54  IPF/IPF
         REL Tue, Dec 8, 2009 01:08:02 PM PST

> make -f Makefile.hp

====== INFO ======
aCC +DD64 -AA -mt -c -g -I/devjuser/jp/ccjp/avinokur/investigation/
002_hp
aCC +DD64 -AA -mt -b -g
aCC +DD64 -AA -mt -b -g
====== CLEAN ======
rm -rf ./*.o ./*.so ./*.out
====== OBJS ======
aCC +DD64 -AA -mt -c -g -I`pwd`  aaa.cpp
aCC +DD64 -AA -mt -c -g -I`pwd`  bbb.cpp
aCC +DD64 -AA -mt -c -g -I`pwd`  main.cpp
====== LIBS ======
aCC +DD64 -AA -mt -b -g  -o ./libaaa.so ./aaa.o
aCC +DD64 -AA -mt -b -g  -o ./libbbb.so ./bbb.o ./libaaa.so
====== EXE ======
aCC +DD64 -AA -mt -g   -o ./hp1.out ./main.o ./libaaa.so ./libbbb.so
aCC +DD64 -AA -mt -g   -o ./hp2.out ./main.o ./libbbb.so

----------------------------------



------ Compilation on Linux ------


Linux 2.6.18-238.1.1.el5 #1 SMP Tue Jan 4 13:32:19 EST 2011 x86_64
x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

Intel(R) C++ Intel(R) 64 Compiler XE for applications running on
Intel(R) 64, Version 12.0.0.084 Build 20101006
Copyright (C) 1985-2010 Intel Corporation.  All rights reserved.

GNU ld version 2.17.50.0.6-14.el5 20061020



> make -f Makefile.lin

====== INFO ======
icpc -c -m64 -fPIC -g
icpc -shared -g
icpc -shared -g
====== CLEAN ======
rm -rf ./*.o ./*.so ./*.out
====== OBJS ======
icpc -c -m64 -fPIC -g  aaa.cpp
icpc -c -m64 -fPIC -g  bbb.cpp
icpc -c -m64 -fPIC -g  main.cpp
====== LIBS ======
icpc -shared -g  -o ./libaaa.so ./aaa.o
icpc -shared -g  -o ./libbbb.so ./bbb.o ./libaaa.so
====== EXE ======
icpc -g -o ./lin1.out ./main.o ./libaaa.so ./libbbb.so
/opt/intel/compiler/lib/intel64/libimf.so: warning: warning:
feupdateenv is not implemented and will always fail
icpc -g -o ./lin2.out ./main.o ./libbbb.so
ld: warning: ./libaaa.so, needed by ./libbbb.so, not found (try using -
rpath or -rpath-link)
/opt/intel/compiler/lib/intel64/libimf.so: warning: warning:
feupdateenv is not implemented and will always fail
./libbbb.so: undefined reference to `typeinfo for AAA'
./libbbb.so: undefined reference to `AAA::~AAA()'
./libbbb.so: undefined reference to `AAA::AAA()'
make: *** [exe] Error 1

----------------------------------