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Re: [PATCH v8 08/14] hw/nvram: NPCM7xx OTP device model


From: Alexander Bulekov
Subject: Re: [PATCH v8 08/14] hw/nvram: NPCM7xx OTP device model
Date: Mon, 7 Sep 2020 15:57:27 -0400

On 200907 1547, Alexander Bulekov wrote:
> On 200824 1717, Havard Skinnemoen via wrote:
> > This supports reading and writing OTP fuses and keys. Only fuse reading
> > has been tested. Protection is not implemented.
> > 
> > Reviewed-by: Avi Fishman <avi.fishman@nuvoton.com>
> > Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <f4bug@amsat.org>
> > Signed-off-by: Havard Skinnemoen <hskinnemoen@google.com>
> > ---
> >  include/hw/arm/npcm7xx.h       |   3 +
> >  include/hw/nvram/npcm7xx_otp.h |  79 ++++++
> >  hw/arm/npcm7xx.c               |  29 +++
> >  hw/nvram/npcm7xx_otp.c         | 439 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> >  hw/nvram/meson.build           |   1 +
> >  5 files changed, 551 insertions(+)
> >  create mode 100644 include/hw/nvram/npcm7xx_otp.h
> >  create mode 100644 hw/nvram/npcm7xx_otp.c
> > 
> > diff --git a/include/hw/arm/npcm7xx.h b/include/hw/arm/npcm7xx.h
> > index ba7495869d..5816a07a72 100644
> > --- a/include/hw/arm/npcm7xx.h
> > +++ b/include/hw/arm/npcm7xx.h
> > @@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
> >  #include "hw/cpu/a9mpcore.h"
> >  #include "hw/misc/npcm7xx_clk.h"
> >  #include "hw/misc/npcm7xx_gcr.h"
> > +#include "hw/nvram/npcm7xx_otp.h"
> >  #include "hw/timer/npcm7xx_timer.h"
> >  #include "target/arm/cpu.h"
> >  
> > @@ -68,6 +69,8 @@ typedef struct NPCM7xxState {
> >      NPCM7xxGCRState     gcr;
> >      NPCM7xxCLKState     clk;
> >      NPCM7xxTimerCtrlState tim[3];
> > +    NPCM7xxOTPState     key_storage;
> > +    NPCM7xxOTPState     fuse_array;
> >  } NPCM7xxState;
> >  
> >  #define TYPE_NPCM7XX    "npcm7xx"
> > diff --git a/include/hw/nvram/npcm7xx_otp.h b/include/hw/nvram/npcm7xx_otp.h
> > new file mode 100644
> > index 0000000000..156bbd151a
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ b/include/hw/nvram/npcm7xx_otp.h
> > @@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
> > +/*
> > + * Nuvoton NPCM7xx OTP (Fuse Array) Interface
> > + *
> > + * Copyright 2020 Google LLC
> > + *
> > + * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
> > + * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
> > + * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
> > + * (at your option) any later version.
> > + *
> > + * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but 
> > WITHOUT
> > + * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
> > + * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
> > + * for more details.
> > + */
> > +#ifndef NPCM7XX_OTP_H
> > +#define NPCM7XX_OTP_H
> > +
> > +#include "exec/memory.h"
> > +#include "hw/sysbus.h"
> > +
> > +/* Each OTP module holds 8192 bits of one-time programmable storage */
> > +#define NPCM7XX_OTP_ARRAY_BITS (8192)
> > +#define NPCM7XX_OTP_ARRAY_BYTES (NPCM7XX_OTP_ARRAY_BITS / BITS_PER_BYTE)
> > +
> > +/* Fuse array offsets */
> > +#define NPCM7XX_FUSE_FUSTRAP (0)
> > +#define NPCM7XX_FUSE_CP_FUSTRAP (12)
> > +#define NPCM7XX_FUSE_DAC_CALIB (16)
> > +#define NPCM7XX_FUSE_ADC_CALIB (24)
> > +#define NPCM7XX_FUSE_DERIVATIVE (64)
> > +#define NPCM7XX_FUSE_TEST_SIG (72)
> > +#define NPCM7XX_FUSE_DIE_LOCATION (74)
> > +#define NPCM7XX_FUSE_GP1 (80)
> > +#define NPCM7XX_FUSE_GP2 (128)
> > +
> > +/*
> > + * Number of registers in our device state structure. Don't change this 
> > without
> > + * incrementing the version_id in the vmstate.
> > + */
> > +#define NPCM7XX_OTP_NR_REGS (0x18 / sizeof(uint32_t))
> > +
> > +/**
> > + * struct NPCM7xxOTPState - Device state for one OTP module.
> > + * @parent: System bus device.
> > + * @mmio: Memory region through which registers are accessed.
> > + * @regs: Register contents.
> > + * @array: OTP storage array.
> > + */
> > +typedef struct NPCM7xxOTPState {
> > +    SysBusDevice parent;
> > +
> > +    MemoryRegion mmio;
> > +    uint32_t regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_NR_REGS];
> > +    uint8_t array[NPCM7XX_OTP_ARRAY_BYTES];
> > +} NPCM7xxOTPState;
> > +
> > +#define TYPE_NPCM7XX_OTP "npcm7xx-otp"
> > +#define NPCM7XX_OTP(obj) OBJECT_CHECK(NPCM7xxOTPState, (obj), 
> > TYPE_NPCM7XX_OTP)
> > +
> > +#define TYPE_NPCM7XX_KEY_STORAGE "npcm7xx-key-storage"
> > +#define TYPE_NPCM7XX_FUSE_ARRAY "npcm7xx-fuse-array"
> > +
> > +typedef struct NPCM7xxOTPClass NPCM7xxOTPClass;
> > +
> > +/**
> > + * npcm7xx_otp_array_write - ECC encode and write data to OTP array.
> > + * @s: OTP module.
> > + * @data: Data to be encoded and written.
> > + * @offset: Offset of first byte to be written in the OTP array.
> > + * @len: Number of bytes before ECC encoding.
> > + *
> > + * Each nibble of data is encoded into a byte, so the number of bytes 
> > written
> > + * to the array will be @len * 2.
> > + */
> > +extern void npcm7xx_otp_array_write(NPCM7xxOTPState *s, const void *data,
> > +                                    unsigned int offset, unsigned int len);
> > +
> > +#endif /* NPCM7XX_OTP_H */
> > diff --git a/hw/arm/npcm7xx.c b/hw/arm/npcm7xx.c
> > index 9669ac5fa0..9166002598 100644
> > --- a/hw/arm/npcm7xx.c
> > +++ b/hw/arm/npcm7xx.c
> > @@ -34,6 +34,10 @@
> >  #define NPCM7XX_MMIO_BA         (0x80000000)
> >  #define NPCM7XX_MMIO_SZ         (0x7ffd0000)
> >  
> > +/* OTP key storage and fuse strap array */
> > +#define NPCM7XX_OTP1_BA         (0xf0189000)
> > +#define NPCM7XX_OTP2_BA         (0xf018a000)
> > +
> >  /* Core system modules. */
> >  #define NPCM7XX_L2C_BA          (0xf03fc000)
> >  #define NPCM7XX_CPUP_BA         (0xf03fe000)
> > @@ -144,6 +148,20 @@ void npcm7xx_load_kernel(MachineState *machine, 
> > NPCM7xxState *soc)
> >      arm_load_kernel(&soc->cpu[0], machine, &npcm7xx_binfo);
> >  }
> >  
> > +static void npcm7xx_init_fuses(NPCM7xxState *s)
> > +{
> > +    NPCM7xxClass *nc = NPCM7XX_GET_CLASS(s);
> > +    uint32_t value;
> > +
> > +    /*
> > +     * The initial mask of disabled modules indicates the chip derivative 
> > (e.g.
> > +     * NPCM750 or NPCM730).
> > +     */
> > +    value = tswap32(nc->disabled_modules);
> > +    npcm7xx_otp_array_write(&s->fuse_array, &value, 
> > NPCM7XX_FUSE_DERIVATIVE,
> > +                            sizeof(value));
> > +}
> > +
> >  static qemu_irq npcm7xx_irq(NPCM7xxState *s, int n)
> >  {
> >      return qdev_get_gpio_in(DEVICE(&s->a9mpcore), n);
> > @@ -164,6 +182,10 @@ static void npcm7xx_init(Object *obj)
> >      object_property_add_alias(obj, "power-on-straps", OBJECT(&s->gcr),
> >                                "power-on-straps");
> >      object_initialize_child(obj, "clk", &s->clk, TYPE_NPCM7XX_CLK);
> > +    object_initialize_child(obj, "otp1", &s->key_storage,
> > +                            TYPE_NPCM7XX_KEY_STORAGE);
> > +    object_initialize_child(obj, "otp2", &s->fuse_array,
> > +                            TYPE_NPCM7XX_FUSE_ARRAY);
> >  
> >      for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(s->tim); i++) {
> >          object_initialize_child(obj, "tim[*]", &s->tim[i], 
> > TYPE_NPCM7XX_TIMER);
> > @@ -232,6 +254,13 @@ static void npcm7xx_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error 
> > **errp)
> >      sysbus_realize(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->clk), &error_abort);
> >      sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->clk), 0, NPCM7XX_CLK_BA);
> >  
> > +    /* OTP key storage and fuse strap array. Cannot fail. */
> > +    sysbus_realize(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->key_storage), &error_abort);
> > +    sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->key_storage), 0, NPCM7XX_OTP1_BA);
> > +    sysbus_realize(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->fuse_array), &error_abort);
> > +    sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->fuse_array), 0, NPCM7XX_OTP2_BA);
> > +    npcm7xx_init_fuses(s);
> > +
> >      /* Timer Modules (TIM). Cannot fail. */
> >      QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON(ARRAY_SIZE(npcm7xx_tim_addr) != ARRAY_SIZE(s->tim));
> >      for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(s->tim); i++) {
> > diff --git a/hw/nvram/npcm7xx_otp.c b/hw/nvram/npcm7xx_otp.c
> > new file mode 100644
> > index 0000000000..ba4188ada8
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ b/hw/nvram/npcm7xx_otp.c
> > @@ -0,0 +1,439 @@
> > +/*
> > + * Nuvoton NPCM7xx OTP (Fuse Array) Interface
> > + *
> > + * Copyright 2020 Google LLC
> > + *
> > + * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
> > + * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
> > + * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
> > + * (at your option) any later version.
> > + *
> > + * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but 
> > WITHOUT
> > + * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
> > + * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
> > + * for more details.
> > + */
> > +
> > +#include "qemu/osdep.h"
> > +
> > +#include "hw/nvram/npcm7xx_otp.h"
> > +#include "migration/vmstate.h"
> > +#include "qapi/error.h"
> > +#include "qemu/bitops.h"
> > +#include "qemu/log.h"
> > +#include "qemu/module.h"
> > +#include "qemu/units.h"
> > +
> > +/* Each module has 4 KiB of register space. Only a fraction of it is used. 
> > */
> > +#define NPCM7XX_OTP_REGS_SIZE (4 * KiB)
> > +
> > +/* 32-bit register indices. */
> > +typedef enum NPCM7xxOTPRegister {
> > +    NPCM7XX_OTP_FST,
> > +    NPCM7XX_OTP_FADDR,
> > +    NPCM7XX_OTP_FDATA,
> > +    NPCM7XX_OTP_FCFG,
> > +    /* Offset 0x10 is FKEYIND in OTP1, FUSTRAP in OTP2 */
> > +    NPCM7XX_OTP_FKEYIND = 0x0010 / sizeof(uint32_t),
> > +    NPCM7XX_OTP_FUSTRAP = 0x0010 / sizeof(uint32_t),
> > +    NPCM7XX_OTP_FCTL,
> > +    NPCM7XX_OTP_REGS_END,
> > +} NPCM7xxOTPRegister;
> > +
> > +/* Register field definitions. */
> > +#define FST_RIEN BIT(2)
> > +#define FST_RDST BIT(1)
> > +#define FST_RDY BIT(0)
> > +#define FST_RO_MASK (FST_RDST | FST_RDY)
> > +
> > +#define FADDR_BYTEADDR(rv) extract32((rv), 0, 10)
> > +#define FADDR_BITPOS(rv) extract32((rv), 10, 3)
> > +
> > +#define FDATA_CLEAR 0x00000001
> > +
> > +#define FCFG_FDIS BIT(31)
> > +#define FCFG_FCFGLK_MASK 0x00ff0000
> > +
> > +#define FCTL_PROG_CMD1 0x00000001
> > +#define FCTL_PROG_CMD2 0xbf79e5d0
> > +#define FCTL_READ_CMD 0x00000002
> > +
> > +/**
> > + * struct NPCM7xxOTPClass - OTP module class.
> > + * @parent: System bus device class.
> > + * @mmio_ops: MMIO register operations for this type of module.
> > + *
> > + * The two OTP modules (key-storage and fuse-array) have slightly different
> > + * behavior, so we give them different MMIO register operations.
> > + */
> > +struct NPCM7xxOTPClass {
> > +    SysBusDeviceClass parent;
> > +
> > +    const MemoryRegionOps *mmio_ops;
> > +};
> > +
> > +#define NPCM7XX_OTP_CLASS(klass) \
> > +    OBJECT_CLASS_CHECK(NPCM7xxOTPClass, (klass), TYPE_NPCM7XX_OTP)
> > +#define NPCM7XX_OTP_GET_CLASS(obj) \
> > +    OBJECT_GET_CLASS(NPCM7xxOTPClass, (obj), TYPE_NPCM7XX_OTP)
> > +
> > +static uint8_t ecc_encode_nibble(uint8_t n)
> > +{
> > +    uint8_t result = n;
> > +
> > +    result |= (((n >> 0) & 1) ^ ((n >> 1) & 1)) << 4;
> > +    result |= (((n >> 2) & 1) ^ ((n >> 3) & 1)) << 5;
> > +    result |= (((n >> 0) & 1) ^ ((n >> 2) & 1)) << 6;
> > +    result |= (((n >> 1) & 1) ^ ((n >> 3) & 1)) << 7;
> > +
> > +    return result;
> > +}
> > +
> > +void npcm7xx_otp_array_write(NPCM7xxOTPState *s, const void *data,
> > +                             unsigned int offset, unsigned int len)
> > +{
> > +    const uint8_t *src = data;
> > +    uint8_t *dst = &s->array[offset];
> > +
> > +    while (len-- > 0) {
> > +        uint8_t c = *src++;
> > +
> > +        *dst++ = ecc_encode_nibble(extract8(c, 0, 4));
> > +        *dst++ = ecc_encode_nibble(extract8(c, 4, 4));
> > +    }
> > +}
> > +
> > +/* Common register read handler for both OTP classes. */
> > +static uint64_t npcm7xx_otp_read(NPCM7xxOTPState *s, NPCM7xxOTPRegister 
> > reg)
> > +{
> > +    uint32_t value = 0;
> > +
> > +    switch (reg) {
> > +    case NPCM7XX_OTP_FST:
> > +    case NPCM7XX_OTP_FADDR:
> > +    case NPCM7XX_OTP_FDATA:
> > +    case NPCM7XX_OTP_FCFG:
> > +        value = s->regs[reg];
> > +        break;
> > +
> > +    case NPCM7XX_OTP_FCTL:
> > +        qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
> > +                      "%s: read from write-only FCTL register\n",
> > +                      DEVICE(s)->canonical_path);
> > +        break;
> > +
> > +    default:
> > +        qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR, "%s: read from invalid offset 
> > 0x%zx\n",
> > +                      DEVICE(s)->canonical_path, reg * sizeof(uint32_t));
> > +        break;
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    return value;
> > +}
> > +
> > +/* Read a byte from the OTP array into the data register. */
> > +static void npcm7xx_otp_read_array(NPCM7xxOTPState *s)
> > +{
> > +    uint32_t faddr = s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FADDR];
> > +
> > +    s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FDATA] = s->array[FADDR_BYTEADDR(faddr)];
> > +    s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FST] |= FST_RDST | FST_RDY;
> > +}
> > +
> > +/* Program a byte from the data register into the OTP array. */
> > +static void npcm7xx_otp_program_array(NPCM7xxOTPState *s)
> > +{
> > +    uint32_t faddr = s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FADDR];
> > +
> > +    /* Bits can only go 0->1, never 1->0. */
> > +    s->array[FADDR_BYTEADDR(faddr)] |= (1U << FADDR_BITPOS(faddr));
> > +    s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FST] |= FST_RDST | FST_RDY;
> > +}
> > +
> > +/* Compute the next value of the FCFG register. */
> > +static uint32_t npcm7xx_otp_compute_fcfg(uint32_t cur_value, uint32_t 
> > new_value)
> > +{
> > +    uint32_t lock_mask;
> > +    uint32_t value;
> > +
> > +    /*
> > +     * FCFGLK holds sticky bits 16..23, indicating which bits in FPRGLK 
> > (8..15)
> > +     * and FRDLK (0..7) that are read-only.
> > +     */
> > +    lock_mask = (cur_value & FCFG_FCFGLK_MASK) >> 8;
> > +    lock_mask |= lock_mask >> 8;
> > +    /* FDIS and FCFGLK bits are sticky (write 1 to set; can't clear). */
> > +    value = cur_value & (FCFG_FDIS | FCFG_FCFGLK_MASK);
> > +    /* Preserve read-only bits in FPRGLK and FRDLK */
> > +    value |= cur_value & lock_mask;
> > +    /* Set all bits that aren't read-only. */
> > +    value |= new_value & ~lock_mask;
> > +
> > +    return value;
> > +}
> > +
> > +/* Common register write handler for both OTP classes. */
> > +static void npcm7xx_otp_write(NPCM7xxOTPState *s, NPCM7xxOTPRegister reg,
> > +                              uint32_t value)
> > +{
> > +    switch (reg) {
> > +    case NPCM7XX_OTP_FST:
> > +        /* RDST is cleared by writing 1 to it. */
> > +        if (value & FST_RDST) {
> > +            s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FST] &= ~FST_RDST;
> > +        }
> > +        /* Preserve read-only and write-one-to-clear bits */
> > +        value &= ~FST_RO_MASK;
> > +        value |= s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FST] & FST_RO_MASK;
> > +        break;
> > +
> > +    case NPCM7XX_OTP_FADDR:
> > +        break;
> > +
> > +    case NPCM7XX_OTP_FDATA:
> > +        /*
> > +         * This register is cleared by writing a magic value to it; no 
> > other
> > +         * values can be written.
> > +         */
> > +        if (value == FDATA_CLEAR) {
> > +            value = 0;
> > +        } else {
> > +            value = s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FDATA];
> > +        }
> > +        break;
> > +
> > +    case NPCM7XX_OTP_FCFG:
> > +        value = npcm7xx_otp_compute_fcfg(s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FCFG], value);
> > +        break;
> > +
> > +    case NPCM7XX_OTP_FCTL:
> > +        switch (value) {
> > +        case FCTL_READ_CMD:
> > +            npcm7xx_otp_read_array(s);
> > +            break;
> > +
> > +        case FCTL_PROG_CMD1:
> > +            /*
> > +             * Programming requires writing two separate magic values to 
> > this
> > +             * register; this is the first one. Just store it so it can be
> > +             * verified later when the second magic value is received.
> > +             */
> > +            break;
> > +
> > +        case FCTL_PROG_CMD2:
> > +            /*
> > +             * Only initiate programming if we received the first half of 
> > the
> > +             * command immediately before this one.
> > +             */
> > +            if (s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FCTL] == FCTL_PROG_CMD1) {
> > +                npcm7xx_otp_program_array(s);
> > +            }
> > +            break;
> > +
> > +        default:
> > +            qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
> > +                          "%s: unrecognized FCNTL value 0x%" PRIx32 "\n",
> > +                          DEVICE(s)->canonical_path, value);
> > +            break;
> > +        }
> > +        if (value != FCTL_PROG_CMD1) {
> > +            value = 0;
> > +        }
> > +        break;
> > +
> > +    default:
> > +        qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR, "%s: write to invalid offset 
> > 0x%zx\n",
> > +                      DEVICE(s)->canonical_path, reg * sizeof(uint32_t));
> > +        return;
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    s->regs[reg] = value;
> > +}
> > +
> > +/* Register read handler specific to the fuse array OTP module. */
> > +static uint64_t npcm7xx_fuse_array_read(void *opaque, hwaddr addr,
> > +                                        unsigned int size)
> > +{
> > +    NPCM7xxOTPRegister reg = addr / sizeof(uint32_t);
> > +    NPCM7xxOTPState *s = opaque;
> > +    uint32_t value;
> > +
> > +    /*
> > +     * Only the Fuse Strap register needs special handling; all other 
> > registers
> > +     * work the same way for both kinds of OTP modules.
> > +     */
> > +    if (reg != NPCM7XX_OTP_FUSTRAP) {
> > +        value = npcm7xx_otp_read(s, reg);
> > +    } else {
> > +        /* FUSTRAP is stored as three copies in the OTP array. */
> > +        uint32_t fustrap[3];
> > +
> > +        memcpy(fustrap, &s->array[0], sizeof(fustrap));
> > +
> > +        /* Determine value by a majority vote on each bit. */
> > +        value = (fustrap[0] & fustrap[1]) | (fustrap[0] & fustrap[2]) |
> > +                (fustrap[1] & fustrap[2]);
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    return value;
> > +}
> > +
> > +/* Register write handler specific to the fuse array OTP module. */
> > +static void npcm7xx_fuse_array_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint64_t v,
> > +                                     unsigned int size)
> > +{
> > +    NPCM7xxOTPRegister reg = addr / sizeof(uint32_t);
> > +    NPCM7xxOTPState *s = opaque;
> > +
> > +    /*
> > +     * The Fuse Strap register is read-only. Other registers are handled by
> > +     * common code.
> > +     */
> > +    if (reg != NPCM7XX_OTP_FUSTRAP) {
> > +        npcm7xx_otp_write(s, reg, v);
> > +    }
> > +}
> > +
> > +static const MemoryRegionOps npcm7xx_fuse_array_ops = {
> > +    .read       = npcm7xx_fuse_array_read,
> > +    .write      = npcm7xx_fuse_array_write,
> > +    .endianness = DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN,
> > +    .valid      = {
> > +        .min_access_size        = 4,
> > +        .max_access_size        = 4,
> > +        .unaligned              = false,
> > +    },
> > +};
> > +
> > +/* Register read handler specific to the key storage OTP module. */
> > +static uint64_t npcm7xx_key_storage_read(void *opaque, hwaddr addr,
> > +                                         unsigned int size)
> > +{
> > +    NPCM7xxOTPRegister reg = addr / sizeof(uint32_t);
> > +    NPCM7xxOTPState *s = opaque;
> > +
> > +    /*
> > +     * Only the Fuse Key Index register needs special handling; all other
> > +     * registers work the same way for both kinds of OTP modules.
> > +     */
> > +    if (reg != NPCM7XX_OTP_FKEYIND) {
> > +        return npcm7xx_otp_read(s, reg);
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    qemu_log_mask(LOG_UNIMP, "%s: FKEYIND is not implemented\n", __func__);
> > +
> > +    return s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FKEYIND];
> > +}
> > +
> > +/* Register write handler specific to the key storage OTP module. */
> > +static void npcm7xx_key_storage_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint64_t 
> > v,
> > +                                      unsigned int size)
> > +{
> > +    NPCM7xxOTPRegister reg = addr / sizeof(uint32_t);
> > +    NPCM7xxOTPState *s = opaque;
> > +
> > +    /*
> > +     * Only the Fuse Key Index register needs special handling; all other
> > +     * registers work the same way for both kinds of OTP modules.
> > +     */
> > +    if (reg != NPCM7XX_OTP_FKEYIND) {
> > +        npcm7xx_otp_write(s, reg, v);
> > +        return;
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    qemu_log_mask(LOG_UNIMP, "%s: FKEYIND is not implemented\n", __func__);
> > +
> > +    s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FKEYIND] = v;
> > +}
> > +
> > +static const MemoryRegionOps npcm7xx_key_storage_ops = {
> > +    .read       = npcm7xx_key_storage_read,
> > +    .write      = npcm7xx_key_storage_write,
> > +    .endianness = DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN,
> > +    .valid      = {
> > +        .min_access_size        = 4,
> > +        .max_access_size        = 4,
> > +        .unaligned              = false,
> > +    },
> > +};
> > +
> > +static void npcm7xx_otp_enter_reset(Object *obj, ResetType type)
> > +{
> > +    NPCM7xxOTPState *s = NPCM7XX_OTP(obj);
> > +
> > +    memset(s->regs, 0, sizeof(s->regs));
> > +
> > +    s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FST] = 0x00000001;
> > +    s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FCFG] = 0x20000000;
> > +}
> > +
> > +static void npcm7xx_otp_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
> > +{
> > +    NPCM7xxOTPClass *oc = NPCM7XX_OTP_GET_CLASS(dev);
> > +    NPCM7xxOTPState *s = NPCM7XX_OTP(dev);
> > +    SysBusDevice *sbd = &s->parent;
> > +
> > +    memset(s->array, 0, sizeof(s->array));
> > +
> > +    memory_region_init_io(&s->mmio, OBJECT(s), oc->mmio_ops, s, "regs",
> > +                          NPCM7XX_OTP_REGS_SIZE);
> > +    sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &s->mmio);
> > +}
> > +
> > +static const VMStateDescription vmstate_npcm7xx_otp = {
> > +    .name = "npcm7xx-otp",
> > +    .version_id = 0,
> > +    .minimum_version_id = 0,
> > +    .fields = (VMStateField[]) {
> > +        VMSTATE_UINT32_ARRAY(regs, NPCM7xxOTPState, NPCM7XX_OTP_NR_REGS),
> > +        VMSTATE_UINT8_ARRAY(array, NPCM7xxOTPState, 
> > NPCM7XX_OTP_ARRAY_BYTES),
> > +        VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST(),
> > +    },
> > +};
> > +
> > +static void npcm7xx_otp_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
> > +{
> > +    ResettableClass *rc = RESETTABLE_CLASS(klass);
> > +    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
> > +
> > +    QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON(NPCM7XX_OTP_REGS_END > NPCM7XX_OTP_NR_REGS);
> > +
> > +    dc->realize = npcm7xx_otp_realize;
> > +    dc->vmsd = &vmstate_npcm7xx_otp;
> > +    rc->phases.enter = npcm7xx_otp_enter_reset;
> > +}
> > +
> > +static void npcm7xx_key_storage_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
> > +{
> > +    NPCM7xxOTPClass *oc = NPCM7XX_OTP_CLASS(klass);
> > +
> > +    oc->mmio_ops = &npcm7xx_key_storage_ops;
> > +}
> 
> Hello,
> With this series applied, when I build with --enable-sanitizers and run
> ./qemu-system-arm:
> 
> ==373753==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow on address 
> 0x61000000b400 at pc 0x557496abbefc bp 0x7ffdd5851210 sp 0x7ffdd5851208
> WRITE of size 8 at 0x61000000b400 thread T0
>     #0 0x557496abbefb in npcm7xx_key_storage_class_init 
> /../hw/nvram/npcm7xx_otp.c:410:18
>     #1 0x5574998a8780 in type_initialize /../qom/object.c:362:9
>     #2 0x5574998a9bef in object_class_foreach_tramp /../qom/object.c:1030:5
>     #3 0x7fc26b427b2f in g_hash_table_foreach 
> (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libglib-2.0.so.0+0x3eb2f)
>     #4 0x5574998a9a41 in object_class_foreach /../qom/object.c:1052:5
>     #5 0x5574998ab28a in object_class_get_list /../qom/object.c:1109:5
>     #6 0x557498e6f8e1 in select_machine /../softmmu/vl.c:2438:24
>     #7 0x557498e5a921 in qemu_init /../softmmu/vl.c:3842:21
>     #8 0x557495b181d7 in main /../softmmu/main.c:49:5
>     #9 0x7fc269e7dcc9 in __libc_start_main csu/../csu/libc-start.c:308:16
>     #10 0x557495a6d9b9 in _start (/qemu-system-arm+0x35959b9)
> 
> 0x61000000b400 is located 0 bytes to the right of 192-byte region 
> [0x61000000b340,0x61000000b400)
> allocated by thread T0 here:
>     #0 0x557495ae6272 in calloc (/qemu-system-arm+0x360e272)
>     #1 0x7fc26b43f210 in g_malloc0 
> (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libglib-2.0.so.0+0x56210)
>     #2 0x5574998a9bef in object_class_foreach_tramp /../qom/object.c:1030:5
>     #3 0x7fc26b427b2f in g_hash_table_foreach 
> (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libglib-2.0.so.0+0x3eb2f)
> 
> SUMMARY: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow 
> /../hw/nvram/npcm7xx_otp.c:410:18 in npcm7xx_key_storage_class_init
> 
> -Alex
> 
> > +
> > +static void npcm7xx_fuse_array_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
> > +{
> > +    NPCM7xxOTPClass *oc = NPCM7XX_OTP_CLASS(klass);
> > +
> > +    oc->mmio_ops = &npcm7xx_fuse_array_ops;
> > +}
> > +
> > +static const TypeInfo npcm7xx_otp_types[] = {
> > +    {
> > +        .name = TYPE_NPCM7XX_OTP,
> > +        .parent = TYPE_SYS_BUS_DEVICE,
> > +        .instance_size = sizeof(NPCM7xxOTPState),
Adding this fixes it for me:
             .class_size = sizeof(NPCM7xxOTPClass),

-Alex
> > +        .class_init = npcm7xx_otp_class_init,
> > +        .abstract = true,
> > +    },
> > +    {
> > +        .name = TYPE_NPCM7XX_KEY_STORAGE,
> > +        .parent = TYPE_NPCM7XX_OTP,
> > +        .class_init = npcm7xx_key_storage_class_init,
> > +    },
> > +    {
> > +        .name = TYPE_NPCM7XX_FUSE_ARRAY,
> > +        .parent = TYPE_NPCM7XX_OTP,
> > +        .class_init = npcm7xx_fuse_array_class_init,
> > +    },
> > +};
> > +DEFINE_TYPES(npcm7xx_otp_types);
> > diff --git a/hw/nvram/meson.build b/hw/nvram/meson.build
> > index ba214558ac..1f2ed013b2 100644
> > --- a/hw/nvram/meson.build
> > +++ b/hw/nvram/meson.build
> > @@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ softmmu_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_DS1225Y', if_true: 
> > files('ds1225y.c'))
> >  softmmu_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_NMC93XX_EEPROM', if_true: 
> > files('eeprom93xx.c'))
> >  softmmu_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_AT24C', if_true: files('eeprom_at24c.c'))
> >  softmmu_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_MAC_NVRAM', if_true: files('mac_nvram.c'))
> > +softmmu_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_NPCM7XX', if_true: files('npcm7xx_otp.c'))
> >  softmmu_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_NRF51_SOC', if_true: files('nrf51_nvm.c'))
> >  
> >  specific_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_PSERIES', if_true: files('spapr_nvram.c'))
> > -- 
> > 2.28.0.297.g1956fa8f8d-goog
> > 
> > 



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