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[PATCH] block: introduce zone append write for zoned devices


From: Sam Li
Subject: [PATCH] block: introduce zone append write for zoned devices
Date: Sat, 10 Sep 2022 14:38:36 +0800

A zone append command is a write operation that specifies the first
logical block of a zone as the write position. When writing to a zoned
block device using zone append, the byte offset of the write is pointing
to the write pointer of that zone. Upon completion the device will
respond with the position the data has been placed in the zone.

Signed-off-by: Sam Li <faithilikerun@gmail.com>
---
 block/block-backend.c              |  65 +++++++++++
 block/file-posix.c                 | 169 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 block/io.c                         |  21 ++++
 block/raw-format.c                 |   7 ++
 include/block/block-common.h       |   2 +
 include/block/block-io.h           |   3 +
 include/block/block_int-common.h   |   9 ++
 include/block/raw-aio.h            |   4 +-
 include/sysemu/block-backend-io.h  |   9 ++
 qemu-io-cmds.c                     |  62 +++++++++++
 tests/qemu-iotests/tests/zoned.out |   7 ++
 tests/qemu-iotests/tests/zoned.sh  |   9 ++
 12 files changed, 360 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/block/block-backend.c b/block/block-backend.c
index ebe8d7bdf3..b77a1cb24b 100644
--- a/block/block-backend.c
+++ b/block/block-backend.c
@@ -1439,6 +1439,9 @@ typedef struct BlkRwCo {
         struct {
             BlockZoneOp op;
         } zone_mgmt;
+        struct {
+            int64_t *append_sector;
+        } zone_append;
     };
 } BlkRwCo;
 
@@ -1869,6 +1872,47 @@ BlockAIOCB *blk_aio_zone_mgmt(BlockBackend *blk, 
BlockZoneOp op,
     return &acb->common;
 }
 
+static void blk_aio_zone_append_entry(void *opaque) {
+    BlkAioEmAIOCB *acb = opaque;
+    BlkRwCo *rwco = &acb->rwco;
+
+    rwco->ret = blk_co_zone_append(rwco->blk, rwco->zone_append.append_sector,
+                                   rwco->iobuf, rwco->flags);
+    blk_aio_complete(acb);
+}
+
+BlockAIOCB *blk_aio_zone_append(BlockBackend *blk, int64_t *offset,
+                                QEMUIOVector *qiov, BdrvRequestFlags flags,
+                                BlockCompletionFunc *cb, void *opaque) {
+    BlkAioEmAIOCB *acb;
+    Coroutine *co;
+    IO_CODE();
+
+    blk_inc_in_flight(blk);
+    acb = blk_aio_get(&blk_aio_em_aiocb_info, blk, cb, opaque);
+    acb->rwco = (BlkRwCo) {
+            .blk    = blk,
+            .ret    = NOT_DONE,
+            .flags  = flags,
+            .iobuf  = qiov,
+            .zone_append = {
+                    .append_sector = offset,
+            },
+    };
+    acb->has_returned = false;
+
+    co = qemu_coroutine_create(blk_aio_zone_append_entry, acb);
+    bdrv_coroutine_enter(blk_bs(blk), co);
+
+    acb->has_returned = true;
+    if (acb->rwco.ret != NOT_DONE) {
+        replay_bh_schedule_oneshot_event(blk_get_aio_context(blk),
+                                         blk_aio_complete_bh, acb);
+    }
+
+    return &acb->common;
+}
+
 /*
  * Send a zone_report command.
  * offset is a byte offset from the start of the device. No alignment
@@ -1920,6 +1964,27 @@ int coroutine_fn blk_co_zone_mgmt(BlockBackend *blk, 
BlockZoneOp op,
     return ret;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Send a zone_append command.
+ */
+int coroutine_fn blk_co_zone_append(BlockBackend *blk, int64_t *offset,
+        QEMUIOVector *qiov, BdrvRequestFlags flags)
+{
+    int ret;
+    IO_CODE();
+
+    blk_inc_in_flight(blk);
+    blk_wait_while_drained(blk);
+    if (!blk_is_available(blk)) {
+        blk_dec_in_flight(blk);
+        return -ENOMEDIUM;
+    }
+
+    ret = bdrv_co_zone_append(blk_bs(blk), offset, qiov, flags);
+    blk_dec_in_flight(blk);
+    return ret;
+}
+
 void blk_drain(BlockBackend *blk)
 {
     BlockDriverState *bs = blk_bs(blk);
diff --git a/block/file-posix.c b/block/file-posix.c
index 354de22860..65500e43f4 100644
--- a/block/file-posix.c
+++ b/block/file-posix.c
@@ -173,6 +173,7 @@ typedef struct BDRVRawState {
     } stats;
 
     PRManager *pr_mgr;
+    CoRwlock zones_lock;
 } BDRVRawState;
 
 typedef struct BDRVRawReopenState {
@@ -206,6 +207,8 @@ typedef struct RawPosixAIOData {
         struct {
             struct iovec *iov;
             int niov;
+            int64_t *append_sector;
+            BlockZoneDescriptor *zone;
         } io;
         struct {
             uint64_t cmd;
@@ -1333,6 +1336,9 @@ static int hdev_get_max_segments(int fd, struct stat *st) 
{
 #endif
 }
 
+static inline void parse_zone(struct BlockZoneDescriptor *zone,
+                              const struct blk_zone *blkz);
+static int do_zone_report(int64_t offset, int fd, struct BlockZoneDescriptor 
*zones, unsigned int nrz);
 static void raw_refresh_limits(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
 {
     BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
@@ -1402,6 +1408,19 @@ static void raw_refresh_limits(BlockDriverState *bs, 
Error **errp)
         if (ret >= 0) {
             bs->bl.max_active_zones = ret;
         }
+
+        ret = get_sysfs_long_val(&st, "logical_block_size");
+        if (ret >= 0) {
+            bs->bl.logical_block_size = ret;
+        }
+
+        ret = get_sysfs_long_val(&st, "nr_zones");
+        if (ret > 0) {
+            bs->bl.nr_zones = ret;
+            int64_t zones_size = ret * sizeof(BlockZoneDescriptor);
+            bs->bl.zones = g_malloc(zones_size);
+            do_zone_report(0, s->fd, bs->bl.zones, ret);
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -1569,18 +1588,24 @@ static ssize_t handle_aiocb_rw_vector(RawPosixAIOData 
*aiocb)
     ssize_t len;
 
     do {
-        if (aiocb->aio_type & QEMU_AIO_WRITE)
+        if (aiocb->aio_type & QEMU_AIO_WRITE) {
             len = qemu_pwritev(aiocb->aio_fildes,
                                aiocb->io.iov,
                                aiocb->io.niov,
                                aiocb->aio_offset);
-         else
+        } else if (aiocb->aio_type & QEMU_AIO_ZONE_APPEND) {
+            uint64_t wp = aiocb->aio_offset;
+            len = qemu_pwritev(aiocb->aio_fildes,
+                               aiocb->io.iov,
+                               aiocb->io.niov,
+                               wp);
+        } else {
             len = qemu_preadv(aiocb->aio_fildes,
                               aiocb->io.iov,
                               aiocb->io.niov,
                               aiocb->aio_offset);
+        }
     } while (len == -1 && errno == EINTR);
-
     if (len == -1) {
         return -errno;
     }
@@ -1604,6 +1629,12 @@ static ssize_t handle_aiocb_rw_linear(RawPosixAIOData 
*aiocb, char *buf)
                          (const char *)buf + offset,
                          aiocb->aio_nbytes - offset,
                          aiocb->aio_offset + offset);
+        } else if (aiocb->aio_type == QEMU_AIO_ZONE_APPEND) {
+            uint64_t wp = aiocb->aio_offset;
+            len = pwrite(aiocb->aio_fildes,
+                         (const char *)buf + offset,
+                         aiocb->aio_nbytes - offset,
+                         wp + offset);
         } else {
             len = pread(aiocb->aio_fildes,
                         buf + offset,
@@ -1638,7 +1669,6 @@ static int handle_aiocb_rw(void *opaque)
     RawPosixAIOData *aiocb = opaque;
     ssize_t nbytes;
     char *buf;
-
     if (!(aiocb->aio_type & QEMU_AIO_MISALIGNED)) {
         /*
          * If there is just a single buffer, and it is properly aligned
@@ -1692,7 +1722,7 @@ static int handle_aiocb_rw(void *opaque)
     }
 
     nbytes = handle_aiocb_rw_linear(aiocb, buf);
-    if (!(aiocb->aio_type & QEMU_AIO_WRITE)) {
+    if (!(aiocb->aio_type & (QEMU_AIO_WRITE | QEMU_AIO_ZONE_APPEND))) {
         char *p = buf;
         size_t count = aiocb->aio_nbytes, copy;
         int i;
@@ -1713,6 +1743,25 @@ static int handle_aiocb_rw(void *opaque)
 
 out:
     if (nbytes == aiocb->aio_nbytes) {
+#if defined(CONFIG_BLKZONED)
+        if (aiocb->aio_type & (QEMU_AIO_WRITE | QEMU_AIO_ZONE_APPEND)) {
+            BlockZoneDescriptor *zone = aiocb->io.zone;
+            int64_t nr_sectors = aiocb->aio_nbytes / 512;
+            if (zone) {
+                qemu_mutex_init(&zone->lock);
+                if (zone->type == BLK_ZT_SWR) {
+                    qemu_mutex_lock(&zone->lock);
+                    zone->wp += nr_sectors;
+                    qemu_mutex_unlock(&zone->lock);
+                }
+                qemu_mutex_destroy(&zone->lock);
+
+                if (aiocb->aio_type & QEMU_AIO_ZONE_APPEND) {
+                    *aiocb->io.append_sector = zone->wp;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+#endif
         return 0;
     } else if (nbytes >= 0 && nbytes < aiocb->aio_nbytes) {
         if (aiocb->aio_type & QEMU_AIO_WRITE) {
@@ -1724,6 +1773,13 @@ out:
         }
     } else {
         assert(nbytes < 0);
+        if (aiocb->aio_type == QEMU_AIO_ZONE_APPEND) {
+            BDRVRawState *s = aiocb->bs->opaque;
+            qemu_co_rwlock_init(&s->zones_lock);
+            qemu_co_rwlock_rdlock(&s->zones_lock);
+            do_zone_report(0, aiocb->aio_fildes, aiocb->bs->bl.zones, 
aiocb->bs->bl.nr_zones);
+            qemu_co_rwlock_unlock(&s->zones_lock);
+        }
         return nbytes;
     }
 }
@@ -2012,17 +2068,23 @@ static int handle_aiocb_zone_report(void *opaque) {
 static int handle_aiocb_zone_mgmt(void *opaque) {
 #if defined(CONFIG_BLKZONED)
     RawPosixAIOData *aiocb = opaque;
+    BlockDriverState *bs = aiocb->bs;
     int fd = aiocb->aio_fildes;
     int64_t sector = aiocb->aio_offset / 512;
     int64_t nr_sectors = aiocb->aio_nbytes / 512;
     struct blk_zone_range range;
+    unsigned long zone_op = aiocb->zone_mgmt.zone_op;
     int ret;
 
+    BlockZoneDescriptor *zones;
+    zones = bs->bl.zones;
+    int index = sector / bs->bl.zone_sectors;
+
     /* Execute the operation */
     range.sector = sector;
     range.nr_sectors = nr_sectors;
     do {
-        ret = ioctl(fd, aiocb->zone_mgmt.zone_op, &range);
+        ret = ioctl(fd, zone_op, &range);
     } while (ret != 0 && errno == EINTR);
 
     if (ret != 0) {
@@ -2030,6 +2092,28 @@ static int handle_aiocb_zone_mgmt(void *opaque) {
                      errno);
         return -errno;
     }
+    
+    if (aiocb->zone_mgmt.all) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < bs->bl.nr_zones; ++i) {
+            qemu_mutex_init(&zones[i].lock);
+            qemu_mutex_lock(&zones[i].lock);
+            zones[i].wp = zones[i].start;
+            qemu_mutex_unlock(&zones[i].lock);
+            qemu_mutex_destroy(&zones[i].lock);
+        }
+    } else if (zone_op == BLKRESETZONE) {
+        qemu_mutex_init(&zones[index].lock);
+        qemu_mutex_lock(&zones[index].lock);
+        zones[index].wp = zones[index].start;
+        qemu_mutex_unlock(&zones[index].lock);
+        qemu_mutex_destroy(&zones[index].lock);
+    } else if (zone_op == BLKFINISHZONE) {
+        qemu_mutex_init(&zones[index].lock);
+        qemu_mutex_lock(&zones[index].lock);
+        zones[index].wp = zones[index].start + zones[index].length;
+        qemu_mutex_unlock(&zones[index].lock);
+        qemu_mutex_destroy(&zones[index].lock);
+    }
     return ret;
 #else
     return -ENOTSUP;
@@ -2340,6 +2424,17 @@ static int coroutine_fn raw_co_prw(BlockDriverState *bs, 
uint64_t offset,
         },
     };
 
+    int64_t sector = offset / 512;
+    struct stat st;
+    if (fstat(s->fd, &st)) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+    int64_t zone_sector = get_sysfs_long_val(&st, "chunk_sectors");
+    if (zone_sector > 0) {
+        int index = sector / bs->bl.zone_sectors;
+        BlockZoneDescriptor *zone = &bs->bl.zones[index];
+        acb.io.zone = zone;
+    }
     assert(qiov->size == bytes);
     return raw_thread_pool_submit(bs, handle_aiocb_rw, &acb);
 }
@@ -2448,6 +2543,9 @@ static void raw_aio_attach_aio_context(BlockDriverState 
*bs,
 static void raw_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
 {
     BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
+#if defined(CONFIG_BLKZONED)
+    g_free(bs->bl.zones);
+#endif
 
     if (s->fd >= 0) {
         qemu_close(s->fd);
@@ -3283,6 +3381,11 @@ static int coroutine_fn 
raw_co_zone_mgmt(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockZoneOp op,
         zone_op_name = "BLKRESETZONE";
         zone_op = BLKRESETZONE;
         break;
+    case BLK_ZO_RESET_ALL:
+        zone_op_name = "BLKRESETZONE";
+        zone_op = BLKRESETZONE;
+        is_all = true;
+        break;
     default:
         g_assert_not_reached();
     }
@@ -3306,6 +3409,59 @@ static int coroutine_fn 
raw_co_zone_mgmt(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockZoneOp op,
 #endif
 }
 
+static int coroutine_fn raw_co_zone_append(BlockDriverState *bs,
+                                           int64_t *offset,
+                                           QEMUIOVector *qiov,
+                                           BdrvRequestFlags flags) {
+#if defined(CONFIG_BLKZONED)
+    BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
+    int64_t zone_sector = bs->bl.zone_sectors;
+    int64_t zone_sector_mask = zone_sector - 1;
+    int64_t iov_len = 0;
+    int64_t len = 0;
+    RawPosixAIOData acb;
+
+    if (*offset & zone_sector_mask) {
+        error_report("offset %" PRId64 " is not aligned to zone size "
+                     "%" PRId64 "", *offset, zone_sector);
+        return -EINVAL;
+    }
+
+    int64_t lbsz = bs->bl.logical_block_size;
+    int64_t lbsz_mask = lbsz - 1;
+    for (int i = 0; i < qiov->niov; i++) {
+       iov_len = qiov->iov[i].iov_len;
+       if (iov_len & lbsz_mask) {
+           error_report("len of IOVector[%d] %" PRId64 " is not aligned to 
block "
+                        "size %" PRId64 "", i, iov_len, lbsz);
+           return -EINVAL;
+       }
+       len += iov_len;
+    }
+
+    int64_t sector = *offset / 512; //??? did not multiply before
+    BlockZoneDescriptor *zone = &bs->bl.zones[sector/zone_sector];
+
+    acb = (RawPosixAIOData) {
+        .bs = bs,
+        .aio_fildes = s->fd,
+        .aio_type = QEMU_AIO_ZONE_APPEND,
+        .aio_offset = zone->wp * 512,
+        .aio_nbytes = len,
+        .io = {
+                .iov = qiov->iov,
+                .niov = qiov->niov,
+                .zone = zone,
+                .append_sector = offset,
+        },
+    };
+
+    return raw_thread_pool_submit(bs, handle_aiocb_rw, &acb);
+#else
+    return -ENOTSUP;
+#endif
+}
+
 static coroutine_fn int
 raw_do_pdiscard(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t offset, int64_t bytes,
                 bool blkdev)
@@ -4081,6 +4237,7 @@ static BlockDriver bdrv_zoned_host_device = {
     /* zone management operations */
     .bdrv_co_zone_report = raw_co_zone_report,
     .bdrv_co_zone_mgmt = raw_co_zone_mgmt,
+    .bdrv_co_zone_append = raw_co_zone_append,
 };
 #endif
 
diff --git a/block/io.c b/block/io.c
index de9ec1d740..3ade9361e4 100644
--- a/block/io.c
+++ b/block/io.c
@@ -3239,6 +3239,27 @@ out:
     return co.ret;
 }
 
+int bdrv_co_zone_append(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t *offset,
+                        QEMUIOVector *qiov,
+                        BdrvRequestFlags flags)
+{
+    BlockDriver *drv = bs->drv;
+    CoroutineIOCompletion co = {
+            .coroutine = qemu_coroutine_self(),
+    };
+    IO_CODE();
+
+    bdrv_inc_in_flight(bs);
+    if (!drv || !drv->bdrv_co_zone_append) {
+        co.ret = -ENOTSUP;
+        goto out;
+    }
+    co.ret = drv->bdrv_co_zone_append(bs, offset, qiov, flags);
+out:
+    bdrv_dec_in_flight(bs);
+    return co.ret;
+}
+
 void *qemu_blockalign(BlockDriverState *bs, size_t size)
 {
     IO_CODE();
diff --git a/block/raw-format.c b/block/raw-format.c
index 9441536819..df8cc33467 100644
--- a/block/raw-format.c
+++ b/block/raw-format.c
@@ -325,6 +325,12 @@ static int coroutine_fn raw_co_zone_mgmt(BlockDriverState 
*bs, BlockZoneOp op,
     return bdrv_co_zone_mgmt(bs->file->bs, op, offset, len);
 }
 
+static int coroutine_fn raw_co_zone_append(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t 
*offset,
+                                           QEMUIOVector *qiov,
+                                           BdrvRequestFlags flags) {
+    return bdrv_co_zone_append(bs->file->bs, offset, qiov, flags);
+}
+
 static int64_t raw_getlength(BlockDriverState *bs)
 {
     int64_t len;
@@ -628,6 +634,7 @@ BlockDriver bdrv_raw = {
     .bdrv_co_pdiscard     = &raw_co_pdiscard,
     .bdrv_co_zone_report  = &raw_co_zone_report,
     .bdrv_co_zone_mgmt  = &raw_co_zone_mgmt,
+    .bdrv_co_zone_append = &raw_co_zone_append,
     .bdrv_co_block_status = &raw_co_block_status,
     .bdrv_co_copy_range_from = &raw_co_copy_range_from,
     .bdrv_co_copy_range_to  = &raw_co_copy_range_to,
diff --git a/include/block/block-common.h b/include/block/block-common.h
index 36bd0e480e..a55e9b390e 100644
--- a/include/block/block-common.h
+++ b/include/block/block-common.h
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ typedef enum BlockZoneOp {
     BLK_ZO_CLOSE,
     BLK_ZO_FINISH,
     BLK_ZO_RESET,
+    BLK_ZO_RESET_ALL,
 } BlockZoneOp;
 
 typedef enum BlockZoneModel {
@@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ typedef enum BlockZoneType {
  * Provides information on a zone with all position and size values in bytes.
  */
 typedef struct BlockZoneDescriptor {
+    QemuMutex lock;
     uint64_t start;
     uint64_t length;
     uint64_t cap;
diff --git a/include/block/block-io.h b/include/block/block-io.h
index 65463b88d9..a792164018 100644
--- a/include/block/block-io.h
+++ b/include/block/block-io.h
@@ -94,6 +94,9 @@ int coroutine_fn bdrv_co_zone_report(BlockDriverState *bs, 
int64_t offset,
                                      BlockZoneDescriptor *zones);
 int coroutine_fn bdrv_co_zone_mgmt(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockZoneOp op,
                                    int64_t offset, int64_t len);
+int coroutine_fn bdrv_co_zone_append(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t *offset,
+                                     QEMUIOVector *qiov,
+                                     BdrvRequestFlags flags);
 
 int bdrv_co_pdiscard(BdrvChild *child, int64_t offset, int64_t bytes);
 bool bdrv_can_write_zeroes_with_unmap(BlockDriverState *bs);
diff --git a/include/block/block_int-common.h b/include/block/block_int-common.h
index 043aa161a0..ebda5953dc 100644
--- a/include/block/block_int-common.h
+++ b/include/block/block_int-common.h
@@ -701,6 +701,9 @@ struct BlockDriver {
             BlockZoneDescriptor *zones);
     int coroutine_fn (*bdrv_co_zone_mgmt)(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockZoneOp op,
             int64_t offset, int64_t len);
+    int coroutine_fn (*bdrv_co_zone_append)(BlockDriverState *bs,
+            int64_t *offset, QEMUIOVector *qiov,
+            BdrvRequestFlags flags);
 
     /* removable device specific */
     bool (*bdrv_is_inserted)(BlockDriverState *bs);
@@ -854,6 +857,12 @@ typedef struct BlockLimits {
 
     /* maximum number of active zones */
     int64_t max_active_zones;
+
+    /* array of zones in the zoned block device. Only tracks write pointer's
+     * location of each zone as a helper for zone_append API */
+    BlockZoneDescriptor *zones;
+
+    int64_t logical_block_size;
 } BlockLimits;
 
 typedef struct BdrvOpBlocker BdrvOpBlocker;
diff --git a/include/block/raw-aio.h b/include/block/raw-aio.h
index 3d26929cdd..f13cc1887b 100644
--- a/include/block/raw-aio.h
+++ b/include/block/raw-aio.h
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #define QEMU_AIO_TRUNCATE     0x0080
 #define QEMU_AIO_ZONE_REPORT  0x0100
 #define QEMU_AIO_ZONE_MGMT    0x0200
+#define QEMU_AIO_ZONE_APPEND  0x0400
 #define QEMU_AIO_TYPE_MASK \
         (QEMU_AIO_READ | \
          QEMU_AIO_WRITE | \
@@ -41,7 +42,8 @@
          QEMU_AIO_COPY_RANGE | \
          QEMU_AIO_TRUNCATE  | \
          QEMU_AIO_ZONE_REPORT | \
-         QEMU_AIO_ZONE_MGMT)
+         QEMU_AIO_ZONE_MGMT | \
+         QEMU_AIO_ZONE_APPEND)
 
 /* AIO flags */
 #define QEMU_AIO_MISALIGNED   0x1000
diff --git a/include/sysemu/block-backend-io.h 
b/include/sysemu/block-backend-io.h
index 6835525582..33e35ae5d7 100644
--- a/include/sysemu/block-backend-io.h
+++ b/include/sysemu/block-backend-io.h
@@ -51,6 +51,9 @@ BlockAIOCB *blk_aio_zone_report(BlockBackend *blk, int64_t 
offset,
 BlockAIOCB *blk_aio_zone_mgmt(BlockBackend *blk, BlockZoneOp op,
                               int64_t offset, int64_t len,
                               BlockCompletionFunc *cb, void *opaque);
+BlockAIOCB *blk_aio_zone_append(BlockBackend *blk, int64_t *offset,
+                                QEMUIOVector *qiov, BdrvRequestFlags flags,
+                                BlockCompletionFunc *cb, void *opaque);
 BlockAIOCB *blk_aio_pdiscard(BlockBackend *blk, int64_t offset, int64_t bytes,
                              BlockCompletionFunc *cb, void *opaque);
 void blk_aio_cancel_async(BlockAIOCB *acb);
@@ -172,6 +175,12 @@ int coroutine_fn blk_co_zone_mgmt(BlockBackend *blk, 
BlockZoneOp op,
                                   int64_t offset, int64_t len);
 int generated_co_wrapper blk_zone_mgmt(BlockBackend *blk, BlockZoneOp op,
                                        int64_t offset, int64_t len);
+int coroutine_fn blk_co_zone_append(BlockBackend *blk, int64_t *offset,
+                                    QEMUIOVector *qiov,
+                                    BdrvRequestFlags flags);
+int generated_co_wrapper blk_zone_append(BlockBackend *blk, int64_t *offset,
+                                         QEMUIOVector *qiov,
+                                         BdrvRequestFlags flags);
 
 int generated_co_wrapper blk_pdiscard(BlockBackend *blk, int64_t offset,
                                       int64_t bytes);
diff --git a/qemu-io-cmds.c b/qemu-io-cmds.c
index 446a059603..8868c88290 100644
--- a/qemu-io-cmds.c
+++ b/qemu-io-cmds.c
@@ -1850,6 +1850,67 @@ static const cmdinfo_t zone_reset_cmd = {
         .oneline = "reset a zone write pointer in zone block device",
 };
 
+static int do_aio_zone_append(BlockBackend *blk, QEMUIOVector *qiov,
+                              int64_t *offset, int flags, int *total)
+{
+    int async_ret = NOT_DONE;
+
+    blk_aio_zone_append(blk, offset, qiov, flags, aio_rw_done, &async_ret);
+    while (async_ret == NOT_DONE) {
+        main_loop_wait(false);
+    }
+
+    *total = qiov->size;
+    return async_ret < 0 ? async_ret : 1;
+}
+static int zone_append_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv) {
+    int ret;
+//    struct timespec t1, t2;
+    int flags = 0;
+    int total = 0;
+    int64_t offset;
+    char *buf;
+    int nr_iov;
+    int pattern = 0xcd;
+    QEMUIOVector qiov;
+
+    if (optind > argc - 2) {
+        return -EINVAL;
+    }
+    optind++;
+    offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
+    if (offset < 0) {
+        print_cvtnum_err(offset, argv[optind]);
+        return offset;
+    }
+    optind++;
+    nr_iov = argc - optind;
+    buf = create_iovec(blk, &qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, pattern);
+    if (buf == NULL) {
+        return -EINVAL;
+    }
+    ret = do_aio_zone_append(blk, &qiov, &offset, flags, &total);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        printf("zone append failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    out:
+    qemu_iovec_destroy(&qiov);
+    qemu_io_free(buf);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static const cmdinfo_t zone_append_cmd = {
+        .name = "zone_append",
+        .altname = "zap",
+        .cfunc = zone_append_f,
+        .argmin = 3,
+        .argmax = 3,
+        .args = "offset len [len..]",
+        .oneline = "append write a number of bytes at a specified offset",
+};
+
 static int truncate_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv);
 static const cmdinfo_t truncate_cmd = {
     .name       = "truncate",
@@ -2647,6 +2708,7 @@ static void __attribute((constructor)) 
init_qemuio_commands(void)
     qemuio_add_command(&zone_close_cmd);
     qemuio_add_command(&zone_finish_cmd);
     qemuio_add_command(&zone_reset_cmd);
+    qemuio_add_command(&zone_append_cmd);
     qemuio_add_command(&truncate_cmd);
     qemuio_add_command(&length_cmd);
     qemuio_add_command(&info_cmd);
diff --git a/tests/qemu-iotests/tests/zoned.out 
b/tests/qemu-iotests/tests/zoned.out
index 0c8f96deb9..b3b139b4ec 100644
--- a/tests/qemu-iotests/tests/zoned.out
+++ b/tests/qemu-iotests/tests/zoned.out
@@ -50,4 +50,11 @@ start: 0x80000, len 0x80000, cap 0x80000, wptr 0x100000, 
zcond:14, [type: 2]
 (5) resetting the second zone
 After resetting a zone:
 start: 0x80000, len 0x80000, cap 0x80000, wptr 0x80000, zcond:1, [type: 2]
+
+
+(6) append write
+After appending the first zone:
+start: 0x0, len 0x80000, cap 0x80000, wptr 0x18, zcond:2, [type: 2]
+After appending the second zone:
+start: 0x80000, len 0x80000, cap 0x80000, wptr 0x80018, zcond:2, [type: 2]
 *** done
diff --git a/tests/qemu-iotests/tests/zoned.sh 
b/tests/qemu-iotests/tests/zoned.sh
index 871f47efed..b4dc89aaac 100755
--- a/tests/qemu-iotests/tests/zoned.sh
+++ b/tests/qemu-iotests/tests/zoned.sh
@@ -79,6 +79,15 @@ echo "(5) resetting the second zone"
 sudo $QEMU_IO $IMG -c "zrs 268435456 268435456"
 echo "After resetting a zone:"
 sudo $QEMU_IO $IMG -c "zrp 268435456 1"
+echo
+echo
+echo "(6) append write" # assuming block size of device is 4096
+sudo $QEMU_IO $IMG -c "zap 0 0x1000 0x2000"
+echo "After appending the first zone:"
+sudo $QEMU_IO $IMG -c "zrp 0 1"
+sudo $QEMU_IO $IMG -c "zap 268435456 0x1000 0x2000"
+echo "After appending the second zone:"
+sudo $QEMU_IO $IMG -c "zrp 268435456 1"
 # success, all done
 echo "*** done"
 rm -f $seq.full
-- 
2.37.3




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