Podemos usar o parâmetro -f do uniq, que evita a comparação entre os primeiros N campos (separados por tab) da entrada:
$ cat b
:task-definition/p-produser:6",
:task-definition/p-produser:5",
:task-definition/p-prodtelegramupdatesmonitor:1",
:task-definition/p-produser:3",
:task-definition/p-produser:20",
:task-definition/p-prodtransaction:2",
:task-definition/p-prodtelegramupdatesmonitor:2",
:task-definition/p-prodtransaction:1",
:task-definition/p-prodtransaction:04",
:task-definition/p-produser:10",
:task-definition/p-produser:4",
:task-definition/p-prodtelegramupdatesmonitor:3",
:task-definition/p-prodtransaction:3",
$ sort -V b
:task-definition/p-prodtelegramupdatesmonitor:1",
:task-definition/p-prodtelegramupdatesmonitor:2",
:task-definition/p-prodtelegramupdatesmonitor:3",
:task-definition/p-prodtransaction:1",
:task-definition/p-prodtransaction:2",
:task-definition/p-prodtransaction:3",
:task-definition/p-prodtransaction:04",
:task-definition/p-produser:3",
:task-definition/p-produser:4",
:task-definition/p-produser:5",
:task-definition/p-produser:6",
:task-definition/p-produser:10",
:task-definition/p-produser:20",
$ sort -Vr b
:task-definition/p-produser:20",
:task-definition/p-produser:10",
:task-definition/p-produser:6",
:task-definition/p-produser:5",
:task-definition/p-produser:4",
:task-definition/p-produser:3",
:task-definition/p-prodtransaction:04",
:task-definition/p-prodtransaction:3",
:task-definition/p-prodtransaction:2",
:task-definition/p-prodtransaction:1",
:task-definition/p-prodtelegramupdatesmonitor:3",
:task-definition/p-prodtelegramupdatesmonitor:2",
:task-definition/p-prodtelegramupdatesmonitor:1",
$ sort -Vr b | rev
,"02:resudorp-p/noitinifed-ksat:
,"01:resudorp-p/noitinifed-ksat:
,"6:resudorp-p/noitinifed-ksat:
,"5:resudorp-p/noitinifed-ksat:
,"4:resudorp-p/noitinifed-ksat:
,"3:resudorp-p/noitinifed-ksat:
,"40:noitcasnartdorp-p/noitinifed-ksat:
,"3:noitcasnartdorp-p/noitinifed-ksat:
,"2:noitcasnartdorp-p/noitinifed-ksat:
,"1:noitcasnartdorp-p/noitinifed-ksat:
,"3:rotinomsetadpumargeletdorp-p/noitinifed-ksat:
,"2:rotinomsetadpumargeletdorp-p/noitinifed-ksat:
,"1:rotinomsetadpumargeletdorp-p/noitinifed-ksat:
$ sort -Vr b | rev | tr : '\t'
,"02 resudorp-p/noitinifed-ksat
,"01 resudorp-p/noitinifed-ksat
,"6 resudorp-p/noitinifed-ksat
,"5 resudorp-p/noitinifed-ksat
,"4 resudorp-p/noitinifed-ksat
,"3 resudorp-p/noitinifed-ksat
,"40 noitcasnartdorp-p/noitinifed-ksat
,"3 noitcasnartdorp-p/noitinifed-ksat
,"2 noitcasnartdorp-p/noitinifed-ksat
,"1 noitcasnartdorp-p/noitinifed-ksat
,"3 rotinomsetadpumargeletdorp-p/noitinifed-ksat
,"2 rotinomsetadpumargeletdorp-p/noitinifed-ksat
,"1 rotinomsetadpumargeletdorp-p/noitinifed-ksat
$ sort -Vr b | rev | tr : '\t' | uniq -f1
,"02 resudorp-p/noitinifed-ksat
,"40 noitcasnartdorp-p/noitinifed-ksat
,"3 rotinomsetadpumargeletdorp-p/noitinifed-ksat
$ sort -Vr b | rev | tr : '\t' | uniq -f1 | rev
task-definition/p-produser 20",
task-definition/p-prodtransaction 04",
task-definition/p-prodtelegramupdatesmonitor 3",
$ sort -Vr b | rev | tr : '\t' | uniq -f1 | rev | tr '\t' :
:task-definition/p-produser:20",
:task-definition/p-prodtransaction:04",
:task-definition/p-prodtelegramupdatesmonitor:3",