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[Wesnoth-wiki-changes] WritingYourOwnAI
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[Wesnoth-wiki-changes] WritingYourOwnAI |
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Sun, 3 Oct 2004 04:44 +0200 |
UserAgent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)
IP: 218.18.46.247
URI: http://wesnoth.slack.it/?WritingYourOwnAI
- - - - -
Index: WritingYourOwnAI
===================================================================
RCS file: /home/wesnoth/cvsroot/wikiroot/WritingYourOwnAI,v
retrieving revision 1.5
diff -u -r1.5 WritingYourOwnAI
--- WritingYourOwnAI 22 Apr 2004 01:27:00 -0000 1.5
+++ WritingYourOwnAI 3 Oct 2004 02:44:57 -0000
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
Wesnoth supports a pluggable AI system that allows programmers to write their
own AIs in C++.
-To write an AI, you need to derive a class from ai_interface (defined in
ai.hpp), and implement the function play_turn()
+To write an AI, you need to derive a class from ai_interface (defined in
ai.hpp), and implement the function play_turn
+()
which will be called every time your AI is expected to play a turn.
ai_interface contains three important functions which allow you to execute the
three basic types of move available in
@@ -18,7 +19,8 @@
pathfind.hpp there are a number of functions which will tell you useful things
about locations -- whether two locations
are adjacent, all the locations adjacent to a certain location, and the
distance between locations.
-A type 'move_map' is defined as a std::multimap<location,location>.
std::multimap is of course a standard C++ container,
+A type 'move_map' is defined as a std::multimap<location,location>.
std::multimap is of course a standard C++
+container,
and cannot be documented here. http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/ is a good
reference on standard C++ containers. The purpose
of a move_map is to show all the possible moves for a side. It can either be a
'source -> destination' map, which
associates the locations of all the units a side has to all the possible
places they can move to, or a 'destination ->
@@ -32,10 +34,12 @@
will need access to in order to make moves. The two most important of these
objects are the unit map (unit_map units)
and the game map (gamemap map).
-The unit map is of type std::map<location,unit> and associates locations with
units. This object can be used to find the
+The unit map is of type std::map<location,unit> and associates locations with
units. This object can be used to find
+the
location of, and information about, every unit on the board. See unit.hpp for
a definition of the 'unit' object.
-The game map allows you to inspect the dimensions and layout of the playing
board. Given a location, it can tell you the
+The game map allows you to inspect the dimensions and layout of the playing
board. Given a location, it can tell you
+the
terrain type at that location. See map.hpp for a definition of this object You
can combine this class with use of the
functions in pathfind.hpp to find various information about where units can
move to.
@@ -73,11 +77,13 @@
best defensive terrain next to them. Attacks should be made with the weapon
for which damage*strikes*chance to hit is
the highest
- if there are no enemies in range, it should move units onto villages that
don't already belong to it
-- if there are no enemies or villages in range, it should move toward the
enemy leader along the shortest possible route.
+- if there are no enemies or villages in range, it should move toward the
enemy leader along the shortest possible
+route.
- at the end of its turn, it should recruit random units until it runs out of
money or doesn't have any space
In the following example, I will place all functions in-line rather than in
the cpp file. To do this properly, of
-course you should put them in the cpp file. The entire definition of this AI
can be found in ai.cpp/ai.hpp in the source
+course you should put them in the cpp file. The entire definition of this AI
can be found in ai.cpp/ai.hpp in the
+source
distribution.
We start the definition,
@@ -108,7 +114,8 @@
calculate_possible_moves(possible_moves,srcdst,dstsrc,false);
Note that the 'possible_moves' thing is of little direct interest. It contains
details of exactly which tiles the unit
-moves along to get from one tile to another. This is useful for the display to
know about when it draws the unit moving,
+moves along to get from one tile to another. This is useful for the display to
know about when it draws the unit
+moving,
but as an AI programmer, it's likely you'll ever care about what it contains.
Just pass it along to the move_unit()
function so it can draw the unit moving along the correct path.
@@ -126,7 +133,8 @@
location adjacent_tiles[6];
get_adjacent_tiles(i->first,adjacent_tiles);
-This kind of call is very common in the game's code -- make an array of 6
locations, and fill them up with the locations
+This kind of call is very common in the game's code -- make an array of 6
locations, and fill them up with the
+locations
adjacent to a certain location. We actually want to find the position to
attack from which gives our unit the best
possible defense. So, we initialize some variables to find the best possible
defense:
@@ -196,7 +204,8 @@
const int weapon =
choose_weapon(best_movement.first,i->first);
attack_enemy(best_movement.first,i->first,weapon);
-This will implement our attack. What now? We've attacked once, but we want to
attack with as many units as we can attack
+This will implement our attack. What now? We've attacked once, but we want to
attack with as many units as we can
+attack
with, right? We can't use the same move_maps again, because they'll be invalid
now that we've moved and attacked. What
we'll do is we'll call do_attacks() all over again, recursively, and return
immediately. This way all our maps will be
recalculated.
@@ -208,7 +217,8 @@
}
}
-That's the entire function done. It'll keep attacking while it finds attacks,
and when it finally runs out of attacks to
+That's the entire function done. It'll keep attacking while it finds attacks,
and when it finally runs out of attacks
+to
execute, it'll return nicely. Let's write that choose_weapon() function now:
int choose_weapon(const location& attacker, const location& defender) {
@@ -224,11 +234,13 @@
int best_attack = -1;
for(int n = 0; n != attacks.size(); ++n) {
-There is a nice function called evaluate_battle_stats() in actions.hpp which
will give us all sorts of information about
+There is a nice function called evaluate_battle_stats() in actions.hpp which
will give us all sorts of information
+about
a potential battle. We make use of it here:
const battle_stats stats =
-evaluate_battle_stats(get_info().map,attacker,defender,n,get_info().units,get_info().state,get_info().gameinfo,0,false);
+evaluate_battle_stats(get_info().map,attacker,defender,n,get_info().units,get_info().state,get_info
+().gameinfo,0,false);
A rather complicated function call, but most of the parameters can be pulled
straight from get_info(). The last two
parameters are a little confusing: the first one, 'attacker_terrain_override'
is used if we wanted to know what the
@@ -237,7 +249,8 @@
to many different hexes without actually moving there.
The last parameter is false, meaning that strings won't be included in the
results. Strings are useful for showing to a
-player in a dialog, but not useful for an AI, and are expensive to calculate,
so this should always be false from within
+player in a dialog, but not useful for an AI, and are expensive to calculate,
so this should always be false from
+within
AI algorithms.
Let's use our stats to come up with a rating for this attack:
@@ -368,3 +381,281 @@
||See Also||
* HomePage
+
+
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- [Wesnoth-wiki-changes] WritingYourOwnAI,
wiki <=