Thank you, Arash. I think that's exactly what happened: I am using Fedora Linux, and it recently updated Emacs to 27.1.
$ rpm -q emacs emacs-auctex
emacs-27.1-2.fc32.x86_64
emacs-auctex-12.1-8.fc32.noarch
I have written 3 books and some papers with tcolorbox and now I can't edit them in Emacs. I'll look at what you are suggesting.
The most immediate problem is that in the notes I write for the class I am teaching reftex doesn't show any of the references with label={ref} in them when I do C-c ), and I have well over hundred of them (lots of exercises), so manual referencing is out of the question.
But yeah, it would be fantastic if Emacs could enter the environment with key-val style labels added automatically at the right place.
Renumbering simple labels is very useful especially when I merge several documents but it's not as essential functionality.
I remark that reftex doesn't recognize regular labels which have options, either. For example, cleveref can use options like
\label[Theorem]{thm:1}
to give it a suggestion about what name to use in references. This is handy when I want to use a single counter for all theoremlike environments. I was going to switch to mdframed from tcolorbox, but it doesn't work with cref without labels with optional arguments.
Máté